Shifting cells to 38°C and exposure to paraquat or cadmium fail to stimulate the degradation of recently synthesized proteins in the cdc48-3 mutant, and the cdc48-3 strain contains higher amounts of oxidant-damaged proteins than WT during growth and after exposure to paraquat. (A) WT and cdc48-3 strains were labeled with ³⁵S-Met for 5 min at 30°C, and rates of degradation at 30 or 38°C were measured as in Fig. 1 A. To measure the degradation of oxidant-damaged proteins, WT and cdc48-3 strains were exposed to paraquat or cadmium for 90 min, followed by labeling with ³⁵S-Met for 5 min, and rates of degradation were measured as in Fig. 2 A. (B) WT and the cdc48-3 mutant were grown exponentially, and a portion was exposed to paraquat for 90 min. The presence of carbonylated proteins in equal amounts of cell proteins was assayed by OxyBlot as in Fig. 3 A.