Distinct kinetics of RAD51C and RAD51 foci formation. HeLa cells were fixed at the indicated time points after 10 Gy of irradiation and stained with anti-RAD51C (red) and anti-RAD51 antibodies (green). DNA was stained with DAPI (blue). (A) More than 100 cells were scored at each time point. Nuclei containing >5 foci were counted as positive. The level of spontaneous RAD51 foci in nonirradiated cells (RAD51 − IR) is indicated in blue and was subtracted from the number of IR-induced RAD51 foci (RAD51 + IR). (B) Representative images of cells at 20, 60, and 360 min after IR. (C) An example of a DAPI-stained nucleus (blue) with RAD51C foci (red) processed using TRI2 software. The computer-generated image delineates the nucleus (red) and individual foci (blue). (D and E) Computational analysis of RAD51 and RAD51C foci in at least 100 cells at the indicated time points after IR. The blue lines indicate the mean number of foci per cell. Bars, 10 µm.