Activation of intracellular death signaling pathways was impaired in lamγ1 KO mice. (A–C) The phosphorylation levels of MKK4 (A), JNK (B), and c-Jun (C) were significantly less in the hippocampus of lamγ1 KO mice compared with those of control (Con) mice 2 h after KA injection. Quantitative analyses are shown as bar graphs directly below the respective Western blots (n = 7 per genotype; signal intensities were normalized to actin). Error bars indicate SEM.