Figure 5. Loss of VIF increases NE rupture. (a and c) Sequential images of vim−/− mEF expressing NLS-GFP on 2D tissue culture plastic (a) and in 3D collagen gels (c). Leakage of NLS-GFP signal from the nucleus to the cytoplasm indicates NE rupture. Scale bar is 20 µm. (b and d) Fraction of cells with nuclear membrane rupture in 2D (b) and 3D (d) environments (as observed over a 17-h interval). VIFs reduce nuclear membrane ruptures and thereby promote the mechanical stability of the nucleus, particularly in confining 3D gels. The vim−/− phenotype is rescued by the expression of vimentin. Panel a, n = 57–63 cells per condition; c, n = 38–53 cells; data collected over a minimum of two experiments. *, P < 0.05 based on Fisher's exact test. NS, non significant.
Figure 5.

Loss of VIF increases NE rupture. (a and c) Sequential images of vim−/− mEF expressing NLS-GFP on 2D tissue culture plastic (a) and in 3D collagen gels (c). Leakage of NLS-GFP signal from the nucleus to the cytoplasm indicates NE rupture. Scale bar is 20 µm. (b and d) Fraction of cells with nuclear membrane rupture in 2D (b) and 3D (d) environments (as observed over a 17-h interval). VIFs reduce nuclear membrane ruptures and thereby promote the mechanical stability of the nucleus, particularly in confining 3D gels. The vim−/− phenotype is rescued by the expression of vimentin. Panel a, n = 57–63 cells per condition; c, n = 38–53 cells; data collected over a minimum of two experiments. *, P < 0.05 based on Fisher's exact test. NS, non significant.

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