Proton motive force is required to drive mitoflash generation. Conditions that increase proton motive force increase mitoflash activity (left) while conditions that severely compromise proton motive force decrease mitoflash activity (right). OMM, outer mitochondrial membrane; IMM, inner mitochondrial membrane; Cyt C, cytochrome C; Q, ubiquinone; ANT, adenosine nucleotide translocase; ETF-QO, electron transferring flavoprotein dehydrogenase; CypD, cyclophilin D; MCU, mitochondrial Ca²⁺ uniporter; UCP, uncoupling protein; TIM/TOM complexes, translocase of the inner/outer membrane; NCLX, Ca²⁺/Na⁺ exchanger, NHE, Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger; LETM1, Ca²⁺(K⁺)/H⁺ antiporter.