MD simulations reveal potential K⁺ binding sites in EAAT1. MD simulations were based on EAAT1 structure (PDB accession no. 5LM4). Typical trajectories were selected and analyzed here. (A) K⁺ binding at K1 site. (B) K⁺ binding at K2 site. Trajectories analyzed indicated that the K⁺ ion spontaneously binds to the K1 site (C–E), and K2 site (F–H). The calculation methods and illustrations are the same as in Fig. 1. The K⁺ concentration was 1 M.