HCN4 channels have depolarized voltage dependence and are insensitive to cAMP in CHO cells. Average conductance–voltage relationships plotted from tail currents in whole cell patch-clamp recordings for (A) HCN4 in CHO cells, (B) HCN2 in CHO cells, (C) HCN4 in HEK cells, or (D) HCN4-R669Q in HEK cells. Data were acquired in the absence (black) or presence (red) of 1 mM cAMP in the patch pipette. The inset shows representative CHO-HCN4 currents elicited by 3-s hyperpolarizing voltage steps ranging from −50 to −160 mV, with tail currents at −50 mV. Bars, 200 pA, 500 ms. (E) Average activation midpoints from whole cell recordings for HCN4 channels in CHO or HEK cells in the absence or presence of cAMP. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05) compared with control in t tests, and ns indicates no significant difference from control (P > 0.05).