Figure 1.

Extracellular protons render the CNGA1 channel voltage sensitive in HEPES-buffered solutions. (A–F) Macroscopic current traces at the indicated pHo and fixed pHi 8, recorded in symmetric 130 mM Na+ and 2 mM of intracellular cGMP from inside-out patches containing CNGA1 channels. Currents were elicited by stepping from the −80-mV holding potential to voltages between −200 and 200 mV in 10-mV increments. Only traces every 20 mV are shown for clarity. Dotted lines indicate zero current level. (G) I-V curves (mean ± SEM; n = 5) at the indicated pHo, each normalized to the current at 200 mV. (H) Corresponding normalized G-V curves (mean ± SEM; n = 5).

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