Figure 10. Propionate supplementation confers protection via Sema4a. (a and b) Sema4a-expressing moDC number in lung (a) and MLN (b). (c) Nrp1+ T reg cells in lung. (d) CD39 expression on Nrp1+ T reg cells in lung. (e) AEC sloughing. (f) Neutrophils in BALF. (g and i) Eosinophils in BALF. (h) ILC2s in lung. (j) Mucous production by AECs. (k) ASM growth. (l) AHR. Data are representative of n = 2 experiments with four to six neonates in each group and are presented as the mean ± SEM (l) or box-and-whisker plots showing quartiles (boxes) and range (whiskers; a–k). Data were analyzed by one-way (a–k) or two-way (l) ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001 compared with vehicle-treated pDCΔ mice; #, P < 0.05; ##, P < 0.01; ###, P < 0.001 compared with vehicle-treated pDCΔ mice; +, P < 0.05; ++, P < 0.01 compared with propionate-treated pDCΔ mice.
Figure 10.

Propionate supplementation confers protection via Sema4a. (a and b) Sema4a-expressing moDC number in lung (a) and MLN (b). (c) Nrp1+ T reg cells in lung. (d) CD39 expression on Nrp1+ T reg cells in lung. (e) AEC sloughing. (f) Neutrophils in BALF. (g and i) Eosinophils in BALF. (h) ILC2s in lung. (j) Mucous production by AECs. (k) ASM growth. (l) AHR. Data are representative of n = 2 experiments with four to six neonates in each group and are presented as the mean ± SEM (l) or box-and-whisker plots showing quartiles (boxes) and range (whiskers; a–k). Data were analyzed by one-way (a–k) or two-way (l) ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001 compared with vehicle-treated pDCΔ mice; #, P < 0.05; ##, P < 0.01; ###, P < 0.001 compared with vehicle-treated pDCΔ mice; +, P < 0.05; ++, P < 0.01 compared with propionate-treated pDCΔ mice.

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