Crhr2 antagonist treatment suppressed pressure overload–induced cardiac dysfunction in preexisting hypertrophy. (A) Experimental design. (B) Systolic blood pressure in sham mice with Crhr2 antagonist treatment (n = 5; two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test). (C) Echocardiogram analysis of left ventricular fractional shortening was performed before and 7, 14, 21, and 35 d after TAC surgery (n = 5; two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test). (D–F) Plasma BNP (D), LVW/TL (E), and fibrotic area (determined by PicroSirius red staining; F) were measured 35 d after TAC surgery (n = 8–10; two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test). (G and H) Immunoblotting showed PKA, CREB, CaMKII, RyR2, and AKT phosphorylation in response to TAC in the heart with or without Crhr2 antagonist treatment (n = 4; two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test). (I) Gene expression 4 wk after Crhr2 antagonist treatment as determined by qRT-PCR in whole hearts (n = 4–6; two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test). Error bars indicate SEM. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ns, not significant. The results are representative of two independent experiments (B–I).