Significant difference in expression between CMS versus non-CMS and sea-level cells. (A) Relative VEGF, GATA1, and Bcl-xL expression by quantitative PCR (normalized with GADPH) in cultures grown in hypoxia in media. CMS cells produced significantly higher levels of VEGF, GATA1, and Bcl-xL. (B) Western blot analysis of GATA1 protein levels. The figure shows a representative blot for one experiment. The bars shows the relative levels for n = 4 for each group (CMS and non-CMS). The experiment was repeated at least three times. An unpaired Student’s t test was performed. (C) Relative mRNA levels of GATA1-inducible (Scl4a and Alas2) and repressive (cMyc and cKit) genes for CMS and non-CMS subjects. (D) Western blot analysis of Alas2 protein levels. The figure shows a representative blot for one experiment. (E) Western blot analysis of cMyc protein levels. The figure shows a representative blot for one experiment. (C–E) The bars show the relative levels for n = 4 for each group (CMS and non-CMS). The experiment was repeated at least three times. An unpaired Student’s t test was performed. (F) Non-CMS cells show significantly high amount of sumoylated GATA1 as compared with CMS and sea-level controls. P < 0.05; unpaired Student’s t test. The results are the summary for n = 4 for both CMS and non-CMS groups. Each bar represents the mean, and error bars represent the SE. For each sample, the levels were measured in triplicates. Each experiment was repeated three times. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01.