Myelin enhances the LPS-mediated expression of IL-10 by DCs. (a) HEK-TLR4 cells were exposed to different preparations of myelin (10 µg/ml) and assayed for IL-8 production by ELISA. A titration of LPS was used as positive control. Data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 3 independent experiments). (b–m) DCs were exposed to myelin (10 µg/ml) with or without LPS (10 ng/ml) for 6 h and analyzed by real-time PCR for the expression of IL-1β (b), IL-6 (c), IL-8 (d), IL-10 (e), IL-12p35 (f), IL-12p40 (g), IL-18 (h), IL-23p19 (i), EBI3 (j), IL-33 (k), TNF (l), and TGFβ (m). *, P ≤ 0.05 (Mann-Whitney U test). Data are shown as the mean the mean ± SD (n = 7 independent experiments). (n), DCs were exposed to myelin (10 µg/ml) with or without LPS (10 ng/ml), IFNγ (1,000 IU/ml), IL-6 (100 IU/ml), or IL-17 (100 IU/ml) for 6 h. The expression levels of IL-10 were determined by real time PCR. *, P ≤ 0.05 (Mann-Whitney U test). Data are presented as the mean ± SD of the fold increase versus the corresponding stimulus (n = 3 independent experiments).