Dectin-1/Syk stimulation by C. albicans yeast induces the formation of a Ras-GRF1–CARD9–H-Ras complex. (A) WT and Dectin-1–deficient BMDMs were stimulated with UV-inactivated mnn5 yeast cells (MOI = 5) for the indicated times. Cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-CARD9 antibody and immunoprecipitated (IP) and lysate (Ly) fractions were analyzed by immunoblotting using indicated antibodies. (B) WT and Dectin-1–deficient BMDMs were stimulated with UV-inactivated mnn5 yeast cells (MOI = 5) or EGF for indicated times. Ras activation was determined by pull-down assay using a Ras activation assay Biochem kit. Immunoassay of the total and activated Ras was performed for determining the Ras activation. (C) RAW264.7 cells stably expressing Flag-Card9 were pretreated with or without Syk inhibitor (piceatannol) for 30 min before stimulation with UV-inactivated mnn5 yeast cells (MOI = 5) for indicated times. Cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-Flag antibody and analyzed by immunoblotting using indicated antibodies. (D) WT BMDMs were pretreated with or without piceatannol for 30 min before stimulation with UV-inactivated mnn5 yeast cells (MOI = 5) for the indicated times. (E) WT and CARD9-deficient BMDMs were stimulated with UV-inactivated mnn5 yeast cells (MOI = 5) for the indicated times. (F) WT and CARD9-deficient BMDMs were stimulated with UV-inactivated mnn5 yeast cells for indicated times. Cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-Ras-GRF1 antibody and immunoprecipitated (IP) and lysate (Ly) fractions were analyzed by immunoblotting using indicated antibodies. (G) WT and CARD9-deficient BMDMs were stimulated with plate-coated curdlan (50 µg/ml) for the indicated times. (H and I) Knockdown of endogenous H-Ras by RNA interference in BMDMs, which were transfected with siRNA against murine H-Ras and nontargeting control siRNA using Trans IT-TKO transfection reagent (Mirus). Cells were cultured for 48 h after transfection and then stimulated with plate-coated curdlan (50 µg/ml), UV-inactivated mnn5 yeast cells (MOI = 5), plate-coated α-mannans (50 µg/ml), or LPS (100ng/ml) for the indicated times. Cell lysates were subjected to immunoblotting analysis using indicated antibodies. Data shown are representative of three independent and reproducible experiments.