Elevated bone mass present in mice lacking Dcamkl1. (A) H&E staining of distal femur of 4-wk-old WT and Dcamkl1^−/− mice showing the growth plate architecture of these mice. The data are representative of two independent experiments. (B) 3-D µ-QCT image of distal femurs isolated from 9-wk-old male Dcamkl1^−/− and WT control mice. (C–F) Analysis of µ-QCT femur images from 9-wk-old male WT and Dcamkl1^−/− mice for bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), and cortical thickness (C.Th). Results are presented as the mean ± SD of six mice per group. (G) von Kossa staining and histomorphometry analysis of proximal tibia from 9-wk-old male Dcamkl1^−/− and control mice. Results are representative of five mice per group. (H) Representative FACS profiles on pregated, CD45⁻Ter119⁻ lineage cells harvested from long bone WT and Dcamkl1 knockout embryos. Percentages represent the percentage of cells within that quadrant. Values are mean ± SD of biological replicates. (I) Dual calcein labeling of tibial bone from WT and Dcamkl1^−/− mice was visualized by fluorescent microscopy. Results are representative of five mice per group. (J) von Kossa staining of WT and Dcamkl1^−/− osteoblast cultures at day 16. (K–O) Analysis of Tnalp (K), Bsp (L), Ocn (M), and Sost (O) via qPCR in WT and Dcamkl1^−/− osteoblast cultures. Results are presented as the mean ± SD of triplicates of cells pooled from three mice per group and are representative of two independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed using an unpaired Student’s t test: *, P < 0.05. Bars: (A) 100 µm; (B and G) 300 µm; (I) 10 µm; (J) 20 µm.