Reduced IL-1β and IL-18 production in colons isolated from Pycard and caspase-1 deficient mice. Colons isolated from the indicated AOM+DSS-challenged mice were cultured overnight and IL-1β (A), IL-18 (B), and TNF (C) in the supernatants was measured by ELISA. Data shown are representative of at least three independent experiments and depict the mean ± SEM. The symbol # indicates P < 0.05 between the AOM/mock and AOM/DSS-treated WT; * indicates P < 0.05 between the gene-deficient strains and WT. AOM/mock, n = 3; WT, n = 6; Pycard^−/−, n = 3; Casp1^−/−, n = 3.