TRAIL−/− mice are protected from chronic hypoxia–induced PH. (A–D) Bar graphs show (A) RVSP, (B) RVEDP, (C) LVESP, and (D) LVEDP, measured in mm Hg. (E–H) PA AT (E), cardiac index (F), ePVRi (G), and RVH (H) are shown. (I) The degree of medial wall thickness as a ratio of total vessel size (Media/CSA). (J) The percentage of thickened pulmonary arteries <50 µm in diameter. (K) Representative photomicrographs of serial lung sections from C57BL/6 and TRAIL−/− mice after 2 wk of exposure to either room air or hypoxia. Sections were stained with Alcian Blue Elastic van Gieson (ABEVG) or immunostained for α-SMA. Error bars represent mean ± SEM, n = 6–7 animals per group. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01, compared with normoxic mice. Bars, 50 µm.