G_αq-deficient B cells exhibit a prosurvival phenotype in vitro. (A–C) WT or Gnaq^−/− splenic B cells were stimulated with 0–25 µg/ml anti-IgM F(ab′)₂ (A), 0–40 µg/ml anti-CD40 (B), or 0–10 µg/ml LPS (C) for 48 h and proliferative responses were measured by ³H-thymidine incorporation after a 5-h pulse. Results represent the mean ± SD of triplicate cultures. (D–F) Purified total splenic B cells (D), sort-purified B220⁺CD93⁺CD23⁻ T1 B cells (E), or sort-purified B220⁺CD93⁺CD23⁺ T2/T3 B cells (F) were cultured in media alone or stimulated with 10–15 µg/ml anti-IgM F(ab′)₂ for 18–24 h. Viability was measured by staining with propidium iodide. Data are shown as the mean ± SD of triplicate cultures. P-values were determined using an unpaired Student’s t test. Data in all panels are representative of three independent experiments.