CD11c depletion compromises Th2 induction and development during schistosome infection. CD11c.DOG mice were treated daily with PBS (squares) or DTx (triangles) from day 28 to 39 of S. mansoni infection. Naive (black symbols) and infected (gray symbols) mice were assessed for splenic CD11c^HiMHCII⁺ cell depletion on day 40 (A and B) and splenocytes (C and D) from naive or infected PBS (white or black bars)- or DTx (gray bars)-treated mice, or purified CD4⁺ T cells and irradiated splenocytes (E and F), were cultured for 72 h with SEA or medium alone. The supernatants were collected, and cytokine production was assessed by ELISA. Splenic CD4⁺ T cell IL-4 production by naive (black symbols) or infected (gray symbols) mice was also assessed by intracellular cytokine staining (G and H). One out of six (A and B), three (C and D), or two (E–H) experiments. Error bars are mean ± SEM of four to seven mice/group (B and H) or SEA-specific cytokine production (medium alone values subtracted) by 4 to 7 naive or infected mice/group (C and D) or 6 technical replicates for each group of pooled purified CD4⁺ T cells from infected mice, cultured in medium or SEA (E and F).