TLR8 activation induces dendritic pruning of neurons. (A) TLR8 activation impairs dendritic arborization of WT mature neurons. (B and C) TLR8 activation induces dendritic pruning of WT neurons at 17 DIV (B) and Tlr7^−/−-cultured neurons at 7 DIV (C). (A–C) The data were randomly collected blind from two independent experiments and are presented as mean + SEM (error bars). The numbers of examined neurons (n) are indicated. Bars: (A and B) 100 µm; (C) 50 µm. *, P < 0.05; ***, P < 0.001. A two-tailed nonparametric Mann–Whitney test was used.