Cross talk between endothelial and epithelial cells induces HGF in Mgp−/− lungs. (a and b) Epithelial cells (a) and ECs (b) isolated from Mgp+/+ and Mgp−/− lungs were treated with BMP-4, anti-VEGF or anti–BMP-4 (a-BMP-4) antibodies, or transfected with Flt1 siRNA. Expression of VEGF, Flt1, HGF, and c-Met was determined by real-time PCR after 24 h of treatment (n = 3). (c) Expression of albumin (Alb) in epithelial cells was isolated from Mgp+/+ and Mgp−/− lungs and treated with HGF for 24 h (n = 3). (d–f) Expression of VEGF, Flt1, HGF, and c-Met in ECs was isolated from Mgp+/+ and Mgp−/− lungs and individually treated with BMP-2, -7, and -9 (n = 3). (g) Schematic diagram of cross talk between ECs and epithelial cells. Data in a–f were analyzed by two-sided t test. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001. Error bars are standard deviation. Data distribution was assumed to be normal, but this was not formally tested.