Application of hydraulic pressure to cell monolayers induces α-actinin-4 recruitment to cell junction and activates cellular contractility. (A) α-Actinin-4 recruitment can be induced by various durations and frequencies (Hz) of cyclic or pulsatile pressures in cycles per minute (cpm). Prolonged cyclic pressure induces α-actinin-4 recruitment and induces cell extrusion (red arrowheads). (B) Wide-field immunofluorescence images showing tension-induced cell extrusion (arrowheads) blocked by blebbistatin. (C) Wide-field images of venus–α-actinin-1 showing tension-induced localization at the cell junction. (D) Western blot showing unchanged levels of α-actinin-4 after pressure treatment. (E) Wide-field immunofluorescence images showing junction accumulation of α-actinin-4 after cyclic and pulsatile pressure. Bars, 20 µm.