Atg5 and Atg9A are required for Parkin-mediated TFEB translocation. (A) WT and Atg5 KO cells stably expressing mCherry-Parkin were treated with DMSO or O/A (6 h), fixed, immunostained for TFEB, and analyzed by immunofluorescence. Bars, 10 µm. (B) Quantification of endogenous TFEB nuclear localization in A. The nuclear/cytosol ratio for each condition was calculated from mean fluorescence intensity/volume measurements made for each compartment across a field (four to seven) of cells (40–60 cells/field). Data are means ± SD (n = 3). (C) Untreated WT and Atg5 KO cells stably expressing mCherry-Parkin and GFP-Atg5 as indicated were lysed and immunoblotted. (D) Cells from C were treated with DMSO or O/A (6 h), lysed, fractionated, and immunoblotted. (E) Quantification of data in D. Endogenous TFEB expression was normalized to GAPDH (cytosol) or histone H3 (nuclear) and nuclear TFEB was expressed as a percentage of total TFEB. Data are means ± SD (n = 3). (F) WT and Atg5 KO HeLa cells stably expressing mCherry-Parkin as indicated were treated with DMSO (6 h), torin 1 (2 h), CIP (1 h), and O/A (6 h) as indicated, lysed, and immunoblotted. Images are representative of n = 3 experiments. (G) WT and Atg5 KO cells expressing mCherry-Parkin as indicated were starved (2 h) or left untreated, lysed, fractionated, and immunoblotted. Images are representative of n = 3 experiments. (H) WT and Atg9A KO HeLa cells expressing mCherry-Parkin as indicated were starved (2 h), or treated with DMSO (Ctrl) or O/A for 6 h. Cell lysates were processed as in D. (I) Quantification of endogenous TFEB nuclear localization in H, performed as in E. Data are means ± SD (n = 3). C, cytosol; N, nuclear. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001.