Anatomical overview of renal filtration. (A) Diagrammatic representation of nephron distribution in the kidney. Glomeruli, the filtration compartments of nephrons, are found within the kidney cortex. (B) Segmental structure of nephrons. The vascularized glomerulus is found at the proximal end and is connected through a series of renal tubules where urinary filtrate composition is refined through resorption and secretion. (C) Cellular organization of the glomeruli. GEC, glomerular endothelial cell; AA, afferent arteriole; EA, efferent arteriole; Pod, podocyte; MC, mesangial cell; PEC, parietal epithelial cell; PT, proximal tubule; DT, distal tubule; LOH, loop of Henle; CD, collecting duct; BS, Bowman’s space.