Proposed functions of ATXN2 in the regulation of mRNA translation. The SCA2-encoded protein, ATXN2, is thought to have a role in mRNA metabolism as a component of translating polysomes, cytoplasmic stress granules, P-bodies, and the miRNA pathway. One intriguing possibility would be for ATXN2 to function in the trafficking of RNA/RNPs between actively translating polysomes and inactive stress granules and P-bodies.