Figure 4.
Natural IgE is induced by glucocorticoids during dysbiosis and plays a protective role in allergic responses. (A) Total plasma IgE concentration of 6 wk old B6 WT (gray) vs. age-matched DKO mice at steady state (brown; n = 5 mice/group, representative of three independent experiments). (B) Normalized level of Cort in the ileal epithelium (n = 4 male mice/group). (C) Relative RT-qPCR expression of genes involved in glucocorticoid synthesis in the ileal epithelium of B6 (gray) vs. age-matched DKO (red) mice. Expression was normalized by Actb (n = 4 male mice/group). (D) Total plasma IgE concentration of DKO mice at steady state (0 wk), or after 1 or 3 wk of Cont (gray) vs. metyrapone (brown) treatment. Mice were 6 wk of age at experiment start (n = 8–9 mice/group, compiled from two independent experiments). (E) Experimental setup and temperature drop time-course for assessing preemptive DEX treatment effects on passive systemic anaphylaxis using DNP-IgE and DNP-HSA. 3 wk old WT mice were treated for 4 wk with Cont (gray) or DEX (red) and tapered prior to anaphylaxis. x axis indicates time in minutes (min) after the challenge. y axis indicates temperature change in °C (delta temp) relative to baseline temperature at 0 min (total n = 11 mice/Cont group or n = 10 mice/DEX group with each point representing mean delta temp of two compiled and independent experiments). (F) Experimental setup and temperature drop time-course for passive systemic anaphylaxis after passive transfer of plasma from Cont (gray) or DEX-treated (red) WT mice (n = 5 mice/group). (G) Experimental setup and visual comparison of extravasation for assessing preemptive DEX treatment effects on passive cutaneous anaphylaxis using OVA-IgE and OVA. Arrows indicate Evans blue dye leakage in ears. A scale bar indicates 1 cm. 3-wk-old WT mice were treated for 4 wk with Cont or Dex and tapered prior to anaphylaxis (n = 3 mice/group). (H) Schematic model for the induction of “natural” IgE by glucocorticoids. Error bars in A–C represent SEM. P values <0.05 were considered significant (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001; ns [or unlabeled], not significant). Welch’s t test was used for A–D, and two-way ANOVA with post hoc Šídák’s multiple comparison test was used for E and F.

Natural IgE is induced by glucocorticoids during dysbiosis and plays a protective role in allergic responses. (A) Total plasma IgE concentration of 6 wk old B6 WT (gray) vs. age-matched DKO mice at steady state (brown; n = 5 mice/group, representative of three independent experiments). (B) Normalized level of Cort in the ileal epithelium (n = 4 male mice/group). (C) Relative RT-qPCR expression of genes involved in glucocorticoid synthesis in the ileal epithelium of B6 (gray) vs. age-matched DKO (red) mice. Expression was normalized by Actb (n = 4 male mice/group). (D) Total plasma IgE concentration of DKO mice at steady state (0 wk), or after 1 or 3 wk of Cont (gray) vs. metyrapone (brown) treatment. Mice were 6 wk of age at experiment start (n = 8–9 mice/group, compiled from two independent experiments). (E) Experimental setup and temperature drop time-course for assessing preemptive DEX treatment effects on passive systemic anaphylaxis using DNP-IgE and DNP-HSA. 3 wk old WT mice were treated for 4 wk with Cont (gray) or DEX (red) and tapered prior to anaphylaxis. x axis indicates time in minutes (min) after the challenge. y axis indicates temperature change in °C (delta temp) relative to baseline temperature at 0 min (total n = 11 mice/Cont group or n = 10 mice/DEX group with each point representing mean delta temp of two compiled and independent experiments). (F) Experimental setup and temperature drop time-course for passive systemic anaphylaxis after passive transfer of plasma from Cont (gray) or DEX-treated (red) WT mice (n = 5 mice/group). (G) Experimental setup and visual comparison of extravasation for assessing preemptive DEX treatment effects on passive cutaneous anaphylaxis using OVA-IgE and OVA. Arrows indicate Evans blue dye leakage in ears. A scale bar indicates 1 cm. 3-wk-old WT mice were treated for 4 wk with Cont or Dex and tapered prior to anaphylaxis (n = 3 mice/group). (H) Schematic model for the induction of “natural” IgE by glucocorticoids. Error bars in A–C represent SEM. P values <0.05 were considered significant (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001; ns [or unlabeled], not significant). Welch’s t test was used for A–D, and two-way ANOVA with post hoc Šídák’s multiple comparison test was used for E and F.

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