Table 1.

Major drivers of myeloid recruitment and heterogeneity in solid tumors

MutationCancer cell secretory/gene expression profileTumorMyeloid responseReference
TP53 TP53R175H ↑ CXCL1, CXCL5, and CCL2 PDAC Activation NF-κB pathway
Neutrophil and monocyte recruitment 
Mahat et al. (2025)  
Trp53−/− ↑ CCL2 and CSF-1 NSCLC and PDAC Macrophage recruitment via CXCR3 Blagih et al. (2020)  
Trp53−/− ↑ CCL2, IL-1, IL-17A, and G-CSF Breast tumors Recruitment of immNeus Wellenstein et al. (2019)  
PI3K PI3KCAH1047R Csf1, Ccl2, and Ccl7 CRC Enhanced recruitment of immunosuppressive myeloid cells.
↑ CCR2, arginase, and IL-1β expression 
Collins et al. (2022)  
PTEN Pten-/- Il1a and Il1r1
Ifit1, Tnfaip2, Cxcl2, Cxcl13, and Cxcl15 
PCa Activation NF-κB pathway. Recruitment of neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages Jiang et al. (2025a)  
KRAS KRASG12D/KRASG12C ↑ IL-1α/β, IL-6, TNFα, CXCL1/2/5/8, and CCL2 PDAC, CRC, and NSCLC NF-κB activation Hamarsheh et al. (2020)  
KrasG12D ↓ TGFA, TGFB, CXCL1, and CXCL2 NSCLC Increased infiltration of F4/80 MPO+, complement genes, Mrc1, and Csf1r
↑ CCL2, IL-1β, and CCL4 
Lasse-Opsahl et al. (2025)  
GM-CSF and lactate CRC Reprogrammed TAMs IL-10+, TGF-β+, and CCL17+ Liu et al. (2021)  
LK1B LKB1 loss ↑ IL-6, IL-8, and CXCL1/8 NSCLC ↑ Neutrophil recruitment
↓ Type II–IFN signaling 
Skoulidis and Heymach (2019), Li et al. (2021), Compton et al. (2023), and Koyama et al. (2016)  
MutationCancer cell secretory/gene expression profileTumorMyeloid responseReference
TP53 TP53R175H ↑ CXCL1, CXCL5, and CCL2 PDAC Activation NF-κB pathway
Neutrophil and monocyte recruitment 
Mahat et al. (2025)  
Trp53−/− ↑ CCL2 and CSF-1 NSCLC and PDAC Macrophage recruitment via CXCR3 Blagih et al. (2020)  
Trp53−/− ↑ CCL2, IL-1, IL-17A, and G-CSF Breast tumors Recruitment of immNeus Wellenstein et al. (2019)  
PI3K PI3KCAH1047R Csf1, Ccl2, and Ccl7 CRC Enhanced recruitment of immunosuppressive myeloid cells.
↑ CCR2, arginase, and IL-1β expression 
Collins et al. (2022)  
PTEN Pten-/- Il1a and Il1r1
Ifit1, Tnfaip2, Cxcl2, Cxcl13, and Cxcl15 
PCa Activation NF-κB pathway. Recruitment of neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages Jiang et al. (2025a)  
KRAS KRASG12D/KRASG12C ↑ IL-1α/β, IL-6, TNFα, CXCL1/2/5/8, and CCL2 PDAC, CRC, and NSCLC NF-κB activation Hamarsheh et al. (2020)  
KrasG12D ↓ TGFA, TGFB, CXCL1, and CXCL2 NSCLC Increased infiltration of F4/80 MPO+, complement genes, Mrc1, and Csf1r
↑ CCL2, IL-1β, and CCL4 
Lasse-Opsahl et al. (2025)  
GM-CSF and lactate CRC Reprogrammed TAMs IL-10+, TGF-β+, and CCL17+ Liu et al. (2021)  
LK1B LKB1 loss ↑ IL-6, IL-8, and CXCL1/8 NSCLC ↑ Neutrophil recruitment
↓ Type II–IFN signaling 
Skoulidis and Heymach (2019), Li et al. (2021), Compton et al. (2023), and Koyama et al. (2016)  

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