Table 3.

Common symptoms and root causes when working with permeabilized muscle experiments

Common symptomsPossible root causes
Ice crystals Muscle samples larger than 1 cm in size 
Low glycerol percentage for cyropreservation 
Samples not fully submersed in glycerol 
Damaged tissues Dissection technique 
Long preparation time 
Buffers (osmolarity, pH, and calcium) 
Poor permeabilization Thick samples leading to a rigor core 
Samples not fully submersed in detergent 
Suboptimal incubation times/protocol 
Mechanical measurement instabilities Loose sample attachment (slippage) 
Temperature drift 
Environment (room vibrations and EM interference) 
Poorly tuned force transducers/motors 
Loose epoxy, nuts, bolts, etc. 
Common symptomsPossible root causes
Ice crystals Muscle samples larger than 1 cm in size 
Low glycerol percentage for cyropreservation 
Samples not fully submersed in glycerol 
Damaged tissues Dissection technique 
Long preparation time 
Buffers (osmolarity, pH, and calcium) 
Poor permeabilization Thick samples leading to a rigor core 
Samples not fully submersed in detergent 
Suboptimal incubation times/protocol 
Mechanical measurement instabilities Loose sample attachment (slippage) 
Temperature drift 
Environment (room vibrations and EM interference) 
Poorly tuned force transducers/motors 
Loose epoxy, nuts, bolts, etc. 

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