Echocardiography acute β-AR stress test
| Males . | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | Flag-Rad . | (N = 20) . | . | Flag-RadΔCT . | (N = 8) . | |
| . | . | +ISO . | P . | . | +ISO . | P . | |
| HR | 434 ± 19 | 575 ± 11 | <10−4 | 496 ± 21 | 560 ± 17 | 0.02 | |
| EF (%) | 48.2 ± 3.1 | 86.8 ± 1.4 | <10−4 | 64.2 ± 3.0 | 66.3 ± 3.3 | 0.963 | |
| LVID;d (mm) | 4.50 ± 0.15 | 3.26 ± 0.09 | <10−4 | 3.59 ± 0.10 | 3.16 ± 0.14 | 0.060 | |
| LVAW;d (mm) | 0.86 ± 0.02 | 1.16 ± 0.02 | <10−4 | 1.07 ± 0.08 | 1.05 ± 0.11 | 0.988 | |
| LVPW;d (mm) | 0.76 ± 0.04 | 1.05 ± 0.04 | <10−4 | 0.95 ± 0.04 | 1.04 ± 0.07 | 0.525 | |
| LVmass (mg) | 146 ± 8* | 130 ± 11 | 0.468 | ||||
| Females | |||||||
| Flag-Rad | (N = 11) | Flag-RadΔCT | (N = 7) | ||||
| +ISO | P | +ISO | P | ||||
| HR | 408 ± 19 | 525 ± 10 | <10−4 | 528 ± 13 | 577 ± 21 | 0.14 | |
| EF (%) | 40.0 ± 1.5 | 84.6 ± 3.3 | <10−4 | 62.7 ± 4.9 | 66.5 ± 4.6 | 0.792 | |
| LVID;d (mm) | 4.48 ± 0.14 | 3.32 ± 0.12 | <10−4 | 3.50 ± 0.15 | 3.34 ± 0.21 | 0.693 | |
| LVAW;d (mm) | 0.66 ± 0.03 | 0.97 ± 0.03 | <10−4 | 1.07 ± 0.07 | 1.01 ± 0.06 | 0.700 | |
| LVPW;d (mm) | 0.59 ± 0.05 | 0.97 ± 0.05 | <10−4 | 0.86 ± 0.07 | 0.91 ± 0.06 | 0.936 | |
| LVmass (mg) | 103 ± 6* | 123 ± 16 | 0.304 | ||||
| Males . | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | Flag-Rad . | (N = 20) . | . | Flag-RadΔCT . | (N = 8) . | |
| . | . | +ISO . | P . | . | +ISO . | P . | |
| HR | 434 ± 19 | 575 ± 11 | <10−4 | 496 ± 21 | 560 ± 17 | 0.02 | |
| EF (%) | 48.2 ± 3.1 | 86.8 ± 1.4 | <10−4 | 64.2 ± 3.0 | 66.3 ± 3.3 | 0.963 | |
| LVID;d (mm) | 4.50 ± 0.15 | 3.26 ± 0.09 | <10−4 | 3.59 ± 0.10 | 3.16 ± 0.14 | 0.060 | |
| LVAW;d (mm) | 0.86 ± 0.02 | 1.16 ± 0.02 | <10−4 | 1.07 ± 0.08 | 1.05 ± 0.11 | 0.988 | |
| LVPW;d (mm) | 0.76 ± 0.04 | 1.05 ± 0.04 | <10−4 | 0.95 ± 0.04 | 1.04 ± 0.07 | 0.525 | |
| LVmass (mg) | 146 ± 8* | 130 ± 11 | 0.468 | ||||
| Females | |||||||
| Flag-Rad | (N = 11) | Flag-RadΔCT | (N = 7) | ||||
| +ISO | P | +ISO | P | ||||
| HR | 408 ± 19 | 525 ± 10 | <10−4 | 528 ± 13 | 577 ± 21 | 0.14 | |
| EF (%) | 40.0 ± 1.5 | 84.6 ± 3.3 | <10−4 | 62.7 ± 4.9 | 66.5 ± 4.6 | 0.792 | |
| LVID;d (mm) | 4.48 ± 0.14 | 3.32 ± 0.12 | <10−4 | 3.50 ± 0.15 | 3.34 ± 0.21 | 0.693 | |
| LVAW;d (mm) | 0.66 ± 0.03 | 0.97 ± 0.03 | <10−4 | 1.07 ± 0.07 | 1.01 ± 0.06 | 0.700 | |
| LVPW;d (mm) | 0.59 ± 0.05 | 0.97 ± 0.05 | <10−4 | 0.86 ± 0.07 | 0.91 ± 0.06 | 0.936 | |
| LVmass (mg) | 103 ± 6* | 123 ± 16 | 0.304 | ||||
Means ± SEM. Echocardiography parameters of Flag-Rad mice but not Flag-RadΔCT show significant changes after acute ISO administration. Pairwise comparison P values of before/after ISO in each genotype were corrected using Sidak’s multiple comparison test. For LVmass in the basal condition, a two-way ANOVA considering sex and genotype, there was a significant sex (F = 4.722, P = 0.0355) but not genotype (F = 0.1125, P = 0.7390) main effect or interaction (F = 3.228, P = 0.0796). The pairwise comparisons are corrected for multiple comparisons using Sidak’s adjustment. HR = heart rate, EF = ejection fraction, LVID;d left ventricular internal diameter; diastolic, LVAW;d left ventricular anterior wall; diastolic, LVPW;d left ventricular posterior wall; diastolic.