| Voltage-sensitive membrane proteins, whose voltage sensors have been well characterized . | Voltage-sensitive membrane proteins, whose voltage sensors remain largely unknown . | Voltage-insensitive membrane proteins . |
|---|---|---|
| Voltage-gated potassium channel Shaker (Long et al., 2005; DeCaen et al., 2009; Khalili-Araghi et al., 2010; Tao et al., 2010; Wu et al., 2010; Delemotte et al., 2011; Payandeh et al., 2011; Henrion et al., 2012; Jensen et al., 2012; Vargas et al., 2012; Lacroix et al., 2014; Machtens et al., 2017) | Cx26 (Verselis et al., 1994; Chen et al., 2005; Deng et al., 2006; Kwon et al., 2011, 2012; Pinto et al., 2016) | Two-pore domain potassium channel TWIK-1 (Schewe et al., 2016) |
| Voltage-gated sodium channel NavMs (Long et al., 2005; DeCaen et al., 2009; Khalili-Araghi et al., 2010; Tao et al., 2010; Wu et al., 2010; Delemotte et al., 2011; Payandeh et al., 2011; Henrion et al., 2012; Jensen et al., 2012; Vargas et al., 2012; Lacroix et al., 2014; Machtens et al., 2017) | TRPV1 (Caterina et al., 1997; Nilius et al., 2005; Boukalova et al., 2010) | GLIC (Bocquet et al., 2007) |
| VDAC1 (Mirzabekov and Ermishkin, 1989; Peng et al., 1992; Thomas et al., 1993; Popp et al., 1996; Song et al., 1998; Teijido et al., 2014; Briones et al., 2016) | ||
| ClC1 (Pusch et al., 1995; Chen and Miller, 1996; Smith and Lippiat, 2010; Zifarelli et al., 2012; Grieschat and Alekov, 2014; De Jesús-Pérez et al., 2016) | ||
| Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 (Ben-Chaim et al., 2003; Rinne et al., 2013; Vickery et al., 2016b; a; Ben-Chaim et al., 2006; Navarro-Polanco et al., 2011) | ||
| Na+/K+ ATPase (Nakao and Gadsby, 1986, 1989; Weer et al., 1988; Holmgren et al., 2000; Morth et al., 2007) |
| Voltage-sensitive membrane proteins, whose voltage sensors have been well characterized . | Voltage-sensitive membrane proteins, whose voltage sensors remain largely unknown . | Voltage-insensitive membrane proteins . |
|---|---|---|
| Voltage-gated potassium channel Shaker (Long et al., 2005; DeCaen et al., 2009; Khalili-Araghi et al., 2010; Tao et al., 2010; Wu et al., 2010; Delemotte et al., 2011; Payandeh et al., 2011; Henrion et al., 2012; Jensen et al., 2012; Vargas et al., 2012; Lacroix et al., 2014; Machtens et al., 2017) | Cx26 (Verselis et al., 1994; Chen et al., 2005; Deng et al., 2006; Kwon et al., 2011, 2012; Pinto et al., 2016) | Two-pore domain potassium channel TWIK-1 (Schewe et al., 2016) |
| Voltage-gated sodium channel NavMs (Long et al., 2005; DeCaen et al., 2009; Khalili-Araghi et al., 2010; Tao et al., 2010; Wu et al., 2010; Delemotte et al., 2011; Payandeh et al., 2011; Henrion et al., 2012; Jensen et al., 2012; Vargas et al., 2012; Lacroix et al., 2014; Machtens et al., 2017) | TRPV1 (Caterina et al., 1997; Nilius et al., 2005; Boukalova et al., 2010) | GLIC (Bocquet et al., 2007) |
| VDAC1 (Mirzabekov and Ermishkin, 1989; Peng et al., 1992; Thomas et al., 1993; Popp et al., 1996; Song et al., 1998; Teijido et al., 2014; Briones et al., 2016) | ||
| ClC1 (Pusch et al., 1995; Chen and Miller, 1996; Smith and Lippiat, 2010; Zifarelli et al., 2012; Grieschat and Alekov, 2014; De Jesús-Pérez et al., 2016) | ||
| Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 (Ben-Chaim et al., 2003; Rinne et al., 2013; Vickery et al., 2016b; a; Ben-Chaim et al., 2006; Navarro-Polanco et al., 2011) | ||
| Na+/K+ ATPase (Nakao and Gadsby, 1986, 1989; Weer et al., 1988; Holmgren et al., 2000; Morth et al., 2007) |