Overview of similarities and differing characteristics between Tau and α-Syn
| Characteristic . | Tau . | α-Syn . | References . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Associated diseases | >20 Tauopathies: AD, PSP, FTDP-17, CBD, Pick’s disease, PART… | Synucleinopathies: PD, DLB, pure autonomic failure, MSA | Zhang et al. (2022), Goldstein et al. (2011) |
| Tissues with highest expression levels | Neuronal, gastrointestinal tract, heart skeletal muscle, lung, kidney and urinary bladder, bone marrow and lymphoid tissue, pancreas, connective and soft tissue, reproductive organs | Neuronal, bone marrow and lymphoid tissue, kidney and urinary bladder | The protein atlas (Sjöstedt et al., 2020) |
| First affected cell types/brain areas (in most common disease) | Braak stage I in AD: Excitatory neurons of the entorhinal cortex | Braak stage 1 in PD: Large projection neurons in dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve, anterior olfactory nucleus | Colom-Cadena et al. (2023), Vogel et al. (2020), Braak et al. (2004) |
| Native subcellular localization | Mostly axonal | Mostly presynaptic | Brion et al. (1988), Sharma and Burré (2023) |
| Native function | Microtubule-binding protein | SV cycling | Lautenschläger et al. (2017), Barbier et al. (2019) |
| Intrinsically disordered regions | + | + | Theillet et al. (2016), Mukrasch et al. (2009) |
| Forms amyloid aggregates in disease | + | + | Jucker and Walker (2013) |
| Prion-like properties | + | + | Jucker and Walker (2013) |
| Phase-separation with SV | NA | + | Hoffmann et al. (2021), Milovanovic et al. (2018) |
| Characteristic . | Tau . | α-Syn . | References . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Associated diseases | >20 Tauopathies: AD, PSP, FTDP-17, CBD, Pick’s disease, PART… | Synucleinopathies: PD, DLB, pure autonomic failure, MSA | Zhang et al. (2022), Goldstein et al. (2011) |
| Tissues with highest expression levels | Neuronal, gastrointestinal tract, heart skeletal muscle, lung, kidney and urinary bladder, bone marrow and lymphoid tissue, pancreas, connective and soft tissue, reproductive organs | Neuronal, bone marrow and lymphoid tissue, kidney and urinary bladder | The protein atlas (Sjöstedt et al., 2020) |
| First affected cell types/brain areas (in most common disease) | Braak stage I in AD: Excitatory neurons of the entorhinal cortex | Braak stage 1 in PD: Large projection neurons in dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve, anterior olfactory nucleus | Colom-Cadena et al. (2023), Vogel et al. (2020), Braak et al. (2004) |
| Native subcellular localization | Mostly axonal | Mostly presynaptic | Brion et al. (1988), Sharma and Burré (2023) |
| Native function | Microtubule-binding protein | SV cycling | Lautenschläger et al. (2017), Barbier et al. (2019) |
| Intrinsically disordered regions | + | + | Theillet et al. (2016), Mukrasch et al. (2009) |
| Forms amyloid aggregates in disease | + | + | Jucker and Walker (2013) |
| Prion-like properties | + | + | Jucker and Walker (2013) |
| Phase-separation with SV | NA | + | Hoffmann et al. (2021), Milovanovic et al. (2018) |
PSP: Progressive supranuclear palsy, FTDP-17: Frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17, CBD: corticobasal degeneration, PART: primary age-related tauopathy, + indicates “yes,” NA: not available.