Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants
| Characteristic . | All infants (n = 100) . |
|---|---|
| Sample collection 0–14 days, no. (%) 21–35 days, no. (%) 6–9 mo, no. (%) 13–19 mo, no. (%) | 71 (71) 94 (94) 77 (77) 66 (66) |
| Gestational age at delivery Median, wk (min–max) | 30.4 (23.1–32.5) |
| Degree prematurity Extreme (<28 wk), no. (%) Early (28.1–32 wk), no. (%) Moderate (32.1–34 wk), no. (%) | 25 (25) 57 (57) 18 (18) |
| Birthweight, grams median (min–max) | 1,310 (520–2,100) |
| Female, no. (%) | 52 (52) |
| Delivery by caesarean section, no. (%) | 76 (76) |
| Singleton gestation, no. (%) | 52 (52) |
| APGAR score at 5 min, median (min–max) APGAR score at 10 min, median (min–max) | 8 (5–10) 9 (7–10) |
| Antenatal corticosteroids, no. (%) | 97 (97) |
| Maternal antibiotics 48 h before birth, no. (%) | 74 (74) |
| Antibiotics in the first 30 days of life, no. (%)a | 43 (43) |
| AIS, no. (%) | 27 (27) |
| Meconium plug syndrome, no. (%) | 10 (10) |
| Neonatal pneumonia, no. (%) | 1 (1) |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis | 3 (3) |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasia | 19 (19) |
| Sepsis in the first 30 days of life, no. (%) Age at diagnosis, days median (min–max) Positive blood cultureb | 25 (25) 8 (1–30) 16 |
| Length of postnatal hospital stay, days median (min–max) Days in neonatal intensive care unit, median (min–max) | 51 (21–190) 22 (0–91) |
| Characteristic . | All infants (n = 100) . |
|---|---|
| Sample collection 0–14 days, no. (%) 21–35 days, no. (%) 6–9 mo, no. (%) 13–19 mo, no. (%) | 71 (71) 94 (94) 77 (77) 66 (66) |
| Gestational age at delivery Median, wk (min–max) | 30.4 (23.1–32.5) |
| Degree prematurity Extreme (<28 wk), no. (%) Early (28.1–32 wk), no. (%) Moderate (32.1–34 wk), no. (%) | 25 (25) 57 (57) 18 (18) |
| Birthweight, grams median (min–max) | 1,310 (520–2,100) |
| Female, no. (%) | 52 (52) |
| Delivery by caesarean section, no. (%) | 76 (76) |
| Singleton gestation, no. (%) | 52 (52) |
| APGAR score at 5 min, median (min–max) APGAR score at 10 min, median (min–max) | 8 (5–10) 9 (7–10) |
| Antenatal corticosteroids, no. (%) | 97 (97) |
| Maternal antibiotics 48 h before birth, no. (%) | 74 (74) |
| Antibiotics in the first 30 days of life, no. (%)a | 43 (43) |
| AIS, no. (%) | 27 (27) |
| Meconium plug syndrome, no. (%) | 10 (10) |
| Neonatal pneumonia, no. (%) | 1 (1) |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis | 3 (3) |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasia | 19 (19) |
| Sepsis in the first 30 days of life, no. (%) Age at diagnosis, days median (min–max) Positive blood cultureb | 25 (25) 8 (1–30) 16 |
| Length of postnatal hospital stay, days median (min–max) Days in neonatal intensive care unit, median (min–max) | 51 (21–190) 22 (0–91) |