Antiinflammatory activity of chemerin-derived peptides
| Percentage inhibition of LPS/IFN-γ–induced inflammatory cytokine expression . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytokine | Chemerin | C6 | C8 | C11 | C13 | C15 | C15-S | C15-M | C19 | N19 | M20 | |||||||||||
| TNF-α | 70 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 61 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||
| RANTES | 40 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 32 | 47 | 0 | 0 | 41 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||
| IL-1β | 60 | — | — | — | — | 54 | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
| IL-12p40 | 54 | — | — | — | — | 47 | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
| IL-6 | 42 | — | — | — | — | 43 | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
| Percentage inhibition of LPS/IFN-γ–induced inflammatory cytokine expression . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytokine | Chemerin | C6 | C8 | C11 | C13 | C15 | C15-S | C15-M | C19 | N19 | M20 | |||||||||||
| TNF-α | 70 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 61 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||
| RANTES | 40 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 32 | 47 | 0 | 0 | 41 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||
| IL-1β | 60 | — | — | — | — | 54 | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
| IL-12p40 | 54 | — | — | — | — | 47 | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
| IL-6 | 42 | — | — | — | — | 43 | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
PMΦs were challenged with 100 ng/ml LPS and 20 ng/ml IFN-γ for 15 h with or without pretreatment with peptides (0.1 pM–100 nM) for 1 h. Where peptides exhibited antiinflammatory properties, percentage inhibition of LPS/IFN-γ–induced MΦ activation represents effect with optimal dose (1 pM chemerin and C15 or 100 pM C13 and C19). Peptide sequences are as follows: C6 (R157-K162; RALRTK), C8 (F155-K162; FSRALRTK), C11 (P144-A154; PHGYFLPGQFA), C13 (P144-S156; PHGYFLPGQFAFS), C15 (A140-A154; AGEDPHGYFLPGQFA), C19 (A138-S156; AQAGEDPHGYFLPGQFAFS), N19 (E23-K41; ELSETQRRSLQVALEEFHK), and M20 (K86-K105; KPECTIKPNGRRRKCLACIK). Control peptides: C15-S (GLFHDQAGPPAGYEF) and C15-M (AGEDPHGYALPGQAA; F148A and F153A). Data represent mean percentage inhibition of cytokine production by classically activated MΦs from four to eight independent experiments as determined by ELISAs and Luminex assays.