Table I.

Effectors manipulating host kinase signaling

Pathogen Effector Activity Host targets Pathway Phenotype Reference 
P. gingivalis Fimbriae Binding CXCR4/ TLR2 NF-κB inhibition Decreased ROS production Hajishengallis et al., 2008  
M. tuberculosis ? Binding CR-3 p38 MAPK activation Decreased CD1 expression Gagliardi et al., 2009  
Shigella subspecies (ssp). IpaH9.8 E3 ligase NEMO/ ABIN-1 NF-κB inhibition Inhibition of pro-inflammatory responses Ashida et al., 2010  
Shigella ssp. OspG Kinase UbcH5 NF-κB inhibition Inhibition of pro-inflammatory responses Kim et al., 2005  
Shigella ssp. OspF Phosphothreonine lyase ERK1/2 ERK inhibition Inhibition of pro-inflammatory responses Arbibe et al., 2007; Kramer et al., 2007; Li et al., 2007  
Shigella ssp. OspE Binding Focal adhesions ILK activation Stabilization of intestinal lining Kim et al., 2009  
A. salmonicida AopP Acetyltransferase ? NF-κB inhibition Inhibition of pro-inflammatory responses Fehr et al., 2006  
V. parahaemolyticus VopA/P Acetyltransferase MKKs MAPK inhibition Growth arrest Trosky et al., 2007  
EHEC EspG Binding ARFs/PAKs Arf inhibition/PAK activation Reprogramming of intracellular trafficking Selyunin et al., 2011  
EPEC/EHEC NleH Binding RPS3 partial NF-κB inhibition Increased bacterial colonization, decreased mortality of host Wan et al., 2011  
EPEC NleE ? IKKβ NF-κB inhibition Inhibition of pro-inflammatory responses Nadler et al., 2010; Vossenkämper et al., 2010  
EPEC NleC/NleD Proteases RelA NF-κB inhibition Inhibition of IL-8 secretion Baruch et al., 2011; Pearson et al., 2011  
L. pneumophila LegK1 Kinase IκB NF-κB activation Induction of pro-inflammatory responses Ge at al., 2009  
Yersinia ssp. YopJ Acetyltransferase MKKs MAPK/ NF-κB inhibition Induction of apoptosis/inhibition of pro-inflammatory responses Mukherjee et al., 2006  
Yersinia ssp. Invasin/YadA Binding β1-integrins FAK activation Actin rearrangements/bacterial uptake Uliczka et al., 2009  
Yersinia ssp. YopH Phosphatase Fyb Fyn inhibition Inhibition of phagocytosis Yuan et al., 2005  
Yersinia ssp. YopH Phosphatase FAK/p130Cas FAK inhibition Disruption of focal adhesions/inhibition of phagocytosis Black and Bliska, 1997  
B. anthracis Anthrax toxin Protease MKKs MAPK inhibition Induction of apoptosis Ali et al., 2011  
B. anthracis LF Protease MEK1 MAPK inhibition Induction of apoptosis Park et al., 2002  
P. aeruginosa ExoT ADP-ribosyltransferase Crk Crk inhibition Inhibition of invasion Pielage et al., 2008  
Pathogen Effector Activity Host targets Pathway Phenotype Reference 
P. gingivalis Fimbriae Binding CXCR4/ TLR2 NF-κB inhibition Decreased ROS production Hajishengallis et al., 2008  
M. tuberculosis ? Binding CR-3 p38 MAPK activation Decreased CD1 expression Gagliardi et al., 2009  
Shigella subspecies (ssp). IpaH9.8 E3 ligase NEMO/ ABIN-1 NF-κB inhibition Inhibition of pro-inflammatory responses Ashida et al., 2010  
Shigella ssp. OspG Kinase UbcH5 NF-κB inhibition Inhibition of pro-inflammatory responses Kim et al., 2005  
Shigella ssp. OspF Phosphothreonine lyase ERK1/2 ERK inhibition Inhibition of pro-inflammatory responses Arbibe et al., 2007; Kramer et al., 2007; Li et al., 2007  
Shigella ssp. OspE Binding Focal adhesions ILK activation Stabilization of intestinal lining Kim et al., 2009  
A. salmonicida AopP Acetyltransferase ? NF-κB inhibition Inhibition of pro-inflammatory responses Fehr et al., 2006  
V. parahaemolyticus VopA/P Acetyltransferase MKKs MAPK inhibition Growth arrest Trosky et al., 2007  
EHEC EspG Binding ARFs/PAKs Arf inhibition/PAK activation Reprogramming of intracellular trafficking Selyunin et al., 2011  
EPEC/EHEC NleH Binding RPS3 partial NF-κB inhibition Increased bacterial colonization, decreased mortality of host Wan et al., 2011  
EPEC NleE ? IKKβ NF-κB inhibition Inhibition of pro-inflammatory responses Nadler et al., 2010; Vossenkämper et al., 2010  
EPEC NleC/NleD Proteases RelA NF-κB inhibition Inhibition of IL-8 secretion Baruch et al., 2011; Pearson et al., 2011  
L. pneumophila LegK1 Kinase IκB NF-κB activation Induction of pro-inflammatory responses Ge at al., 2009  
Yersinia ssp. YopJ Acetyltransferase MKKs MAPK/ NF-κB inhibition Induction of apoptosis/inhibition of pro-inflammatory responses Mukherjee et al., 2006  
Yersinia ssp. Invasin/YadA Binding β1-integrins FAK activation Actin rearrangements/bacterial uptake Uliczka et al., 2009  
Yersinia ssp. YopH Phosphatase Fyb Fyn inhibition Inhibition of phagocytosis Yuan et al., 2005  
Yersinia ssp. YopH Phosphatase FAK/p130Cas FAK inhibition Disruption of focal adhesions/inhibition of phagocytosis Black and Bliska, 1997  
B. anthracis Anthrax toxin Protease MKKs MAPK inhibition Induction of apoptosis Ali et al., 2011  
B. anthracis LF Protease MEK1 MAPK inhibition Induction of apoptosis Park et al., 2002  
P. aeruginosa ExoT ADP-ribosyltransferase Crk Crk inhibition Inhibition of invasion Pielage et al., 2008  
View Large
This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only

or Create an Account

Close Modal
Close Modal