| T2R type . | Affected system . | Effects . | Reference . |
|---|---|---|---|
| T2R38 | Human upper respiratory system | T2R38 genotype is correlated with susceptibility, severity, and prognosis of chronic rhinosinusitis, as well as biofilm formation in chronic rhinosinusitis patients | Lee et al., 2012; Lee and Cohen, 2013; Adappa et al., 2014, 2016a,b,c |
| Human colorectal cancer | T2R38 nonfunctional group has an increased risk of colorectal cancer in a population of Caucasian origin | Carrai et al., 2011 | |
| Human gingiva | T2R38 genotype is associated with gingival innate immunity and the risk of dental caries | Wendell et al., 2010; Gil et al., 2015 | |
| Human colonic mucosa | Increased number of T2R38 immunoreactive cells in overweight and obese subjects | Latorre et al., 2016 | |
| T2R19 | Blood glucose | T2R19 haplotype is associated with altered glucose and insulin homeostasis | Dotson et al., 2008 |
| T2R50 | Human heart | T2R50 SNPs (ID rs1376251) have a strong association with cardiovascular disease | Shiffman et al., 2008 |
| T2R42 | Thyroid | Thyroid-expressed T2R42 SNP (SNP type L196F) is associated with differences in circulating levels of thyroid hormones | Clark et al., 2015 |
| T2R16 | Longevity | An upstream position polymorphism of T2R16 is significantly associated with longevity | Campa et al., 2012 |
| T2Rs | Human leukocytes | 10 T2Rs are up-regulated in leukocytes in severe asthma patients | Orsmark-Pietras et al., 2013 |
| T2Rs | Human Parkinson’s disease patients’ brains | T2R5 and T2R50 are decreased, whereas T2R10 and T2R13 are augmented at both premotor and parkinsonian stages in the frontal cortex area | Garcia-Esparcia et al., 2013 |
| Human schizophrenia patients’ brains | T2R4, T2R5, T2R14, and T2R50 are down-regulated in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex | Ansoleaga et al., 2015 | |
| T2R4 | Human breast cancer | T2R4 is down-regulated in breast cancer cells | Singh et al., 2014 |
| T2R105 | Mouse testes | Depletion of T2R105 results in smaller testes and leads to male infertility | Li and Zhou, 2012 |
| Mouse glomerulus and renal tubule | Ablation of T2R105-positive cells causes an increase in the size of the glomerulus and renal tubule and a lower cell density in the glomerulus | Liu et al., 2015 | |
| T2R126, T2R135, and T2R143 | Mouse heart | Starvation increases the expression of these T2Rs by two- to threefold | Foster et al., 2013 |
| T2R type . | Affected system . | Effects . | Reference . |
|---|---|---|---|
| T2R38 | Human upper respiratory system | T2R38 genotype is correlated with susceptibility, severity, and prognosis of chronic rhinosinusitis, as well as biofilm formation in chronic rhinosinusitis patients | Lee et al., 2012; Lee and Cohen, 2013; Adappa et al., 2014, 2016a,b,c |
| Human colorectal cancer | T2R38 nonfunctional group has an increased risk of colorectal cancer in a population of Caucasian origin | Carrai et al., 2011 | |
| Human gingiva | T2R38 genotype is associated with gingival innate immunity and the risk of dental caries | Wendell et al., 2010; Gil et al., 2015 | |
| Human colonic mucosa | Increased number of T2R38 immunoreactive cells in overweight and obese subjects | Latorre et al., 2016 | |
| T2R19 | Blood glucose | T2R19 haplotype is associated with altered glucose and insulin homeostasis | Dotson et al., 2008 |
| T2R50 | Human heart | T2R50 SNPs (ID rs1376251) have a strong association with cardiovascular disease | Shiffman et al., 2008 |
| T2R42 | Thyroid | Thyroid-expressed T2R42 SNP (SNP type L196F) is associated with differences in circulating levels of thyroid hormones | Clark et al., 2015 |
| T2R16 | Longevity | An upstream position polymorphism of T2R16 is significantly associated with longevity | Campa et al., 2012 |
| T2Rs | Human leukocytes | 10 T2Rs are up-regulated in leukocytes in severe asthma patients | Orsmark-Pietras et al., 2013 |
| T2Rs | Human Parkinson’s disease patients’ brains | T2R5 and T2R50 are decreased, whereas T2R10 and T2R13 are augmented at both premotor and parkinsonian stages in the frontal cortex area | Garcia-Esparcia et al., 2013 |
| Human schizophrenia patients’ brains | T2R4, T2R5, T2R14, and T2R50 are down-regulated in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex | Ansoleaga et al., 2015 | |
| T2R4 | Human breast cancer | T2R4 is down-regulated in breast cancer cells | Singh et al., 2014 |
| T2R105 | Mouse testes | Depletion of T2R105 results in smaller testes and leads to male infertility | Li and Zhou, 2012 |
| Mouse glomerulus and renal tubule | Ablation of T2R105-positive cells causes an increase in the size of the glomerulus and renal tubule and a lower cell density in the glomerulus | Liu et al., 2015 | |
| T2R126, T2R135, and T2R143 | Mouse heart | Starvation increases the expression of these T2Rs by two- to threefold | Foster et al., 2013 |