Kinetic and sensitivity parameters of rods
| Animal line (number of rods) | rmax | I1/2 | ti | τD | |
| pA | pA photon−1 µm2 | photons µm−2 | ms | ms | |
| WT (22) | 14.2 ± 0.7 | 0.34 ± 0.02 | 26 ± 2 | 262 ± 16 | 185 ± 11 |
| R9AP+/− (24) | 14.6 ± 0.7 | 0.29 ± 0.04 | 40 ± 4 | 319 ± 24 | 254 ± 18 |
| R9AP+/−;RKS561L (28) | 13.5 ± 0.7 | 0.12 ± 0.02 | 79 ± 8 | 254 ± 28 | 182 ± 10 |
| R9AP+/−;Rv−/− (8) | 12.0 ± 1.2 | 0.32 ± 0.09 | 28 ± 3 | 243 ± 45 | 187 ± 16 |
| GAPux (28) | 13.9 ± 0.8 | 0.32 ± 0.03 | 35 ± 4 | 418 ± 30 | 248 ± 12 |
| GAPux;RKS561L (29) | 13.5 ± 0.7 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 89 ± 9 | 231 ± 17 | 179 ± 10 |
| GAPux;Rv−/− (17) | 9.9 ± 0.9 | 0.31 ± 0.03 | 36 ± 6 | 239 ± 18 | 204 ± 14 |
| Animal line (number of rods) | rmax | I1/2 | ti | τD | |
| pA | pA photon−1 µm2 | photons µm−2 | ms | ms | |
| WT (22) | 14.2 ± 0.7 | 0.34 ± 0.02 | 26 ± 2 | 262 ± 16 | 185 ± 11 |
| R9AP+/− (24) | 14.6 ± 0.7 | 0.29 ± 0.04 | 40 ± 4 | 319 ± 24 | 254 ± 18 |
| R9AP+/−;RKS561L (28) | 13.5 ± 0.7 | 0.12 ± 0.02 | 79 ± 8 | 254 ± 28 | 182 ± 10 |
| R9AP+/−;Rv−/− (8) | 12.0 ± 1.2 | 0.32 ± 0.09 | 28 ± 3 | 243 ± 45 | 187 ± 16 |
| GAPux (28) | 13.9 ± 0.8 | 0.32 ± 0.03 | 35 ± 4 | 418 ± 30 | 248 ± 12 |
| GAPux;RKS561L (29) | 13.5 ± 0.7 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 89 ± 9 | 231 ± 17 | 179 ± 10 |
| GAPux;Rv−/− (17) | 9.9 ± 0.9 | 0.31 ± 0.03 | 36 ± 6 | 239 ± 18 | 204 ± 14 |
All values are means ± SEM. Numbers in parentheses in the first column give number of rods recorded. Values of rmax (maximum response amplitude) were determined cell by cell from responses to saturating flashes; (dark-adapted flash sensitivity), by dividing the peak amplitude of the mean dim-flash response for each cell by the flash intensity; I1/2 (the intensity required to produce a half-maximal response), from the fit of response-intensity data for each cell to a Boltzmann function in the program Origin; ti (the integration time), from the time integral of the mean dim-flash response for each cell divided by the peak amplitude of the response; and τD (the Pepperberg constant) for dark-adapted rods as described in Materials and methods.