| Disease . | Key regulator . | Treatment target . | Reference . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Behcet’s disease | IL-1 IL-18? | IL-1R (anakinra) IL-1β (canakinumab) | Masters, 2013; Vitale et al., 2016 |
| Sweet’s syndrome (including neutrophilic dermatoses) | PTPN6? RIPK1 IL-1α MLKL? | IL-1α? GSDMD? MLKL? | Nesterovitch et al., 2011; Lukens et al., 2013 |
| Schnitzler syndrome | IL-1β | IL-1R (anakinra) IL-1β (canakinumab) IL-1 decoy receptor (rilonacept) | de Koning et al., 2015 |
| AOSD | IL-1β IL-18? | IL-1R (anakinra) IL-1β (canakinumab) IL-1 decoy receptor (rilonacept) | Lee et al., 2015; Junge et al., 2017 |
| JIA/soJIA | IL-1 | IL-1R (anakinra) IL-1β (canakinumab) IL-1 decoy (rilonacept) | Pascual et al., 2005; Cimaz, 2016 |
| HLH | IL-1? IL-18? | IL-1R (anakinra)? IL-18? | Schulert and Grom, 2015 |
| Osteomyelitis | IL-1β NLRP3 Caspase-8 MLKL? | IL-1R (anakinra)? MLKL? | Lukens et al., 2014; Gurung et al., 2016a |
| Lung cancer | IL-1β | IL-1β (canakinumab) | Ridker et al., 2017b |
| Cardiovascular diseases | IL-1α?, IL-1β | IL-1β (canakinumab) | Ridker et al., 2017a |
| Gout | NLRP3 MSU crystals IL-1 GSDMD MLKL? | IL-1R (anakinra)? IL-1β (canakinumab)? IL-1 decoy (rilonacept)? | Dayer et al., 2017 |
| Kidney diseases | IL-18 IL-1β RIPK3 MLKL? GSDMD? | IL-18? MLKL (necrosulfonamide)? GSDMD? | Wu et al., 2008; Chen et al., 2018a; Sarhan et al., 2018b |
| Alzheimer’s disease | NLRP3 ASC | NLRP3 (MCC950)? ASC? GSDMD? | Venegas et al., 2017 |
| Ischemic brain injury | NLRP3 NLRC4? GSDMD RIPK1 RIPK3? MLKL? | RIPK1 (Necrostatin-1) RIPK3 (GSK-872) | Degterev et al., 2005; Chen et al., 2018b; Xu et al., 2018b; Poh et al., 2019; Zhang et al., 2019 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | TNF IL-1? GSDMD? MLKL? | TNF | Yamanaka, 2015; Dayer et al., 2017 |
| Septic shock | Caspase-11 GSDMD Caspase-8 | GSDMD? | Kayagaki et al., 2015; Kang et al., 2018; Mandal et al., 2018 |
| Inflammatory bowel diseases | MLKL? NLRP3 IL-1α | NLRP3 (MCC950)? IL-1α (MABp1)? MLKL (necrosulfonamide)? | Malik et al., 2016; Li et al., 2018 |
| Disease . | Key regulator . | Treatment target . | Reference . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Behcet’s disease | IL-1 IL-18? | IL-1R (anakinra) IL-1β (canakinumab) | Masters, 2013; Vitale et al., 2016 |
| Sweet’s syndrome (including neutrophilic dermatoses) | PTPN6? RIPK1 IL-1α MLKL? | IL-1α? GSDMD? MLKL? | Nesterovitch et al., 2011; Lukens et al., 2013 |
| Schnitzler syndrome | IL-1β | IL-1R (anakinra) IL-1β (canakinumab) IL-1 decoy receptor (rilonacept) | de Koning et al., 2015 |
| AOSD | IL-1β IL-18? | IL-1R (anakinra) IL-1β (canakinumab) IL-1 decoy receptor (rilonacept) | Lee et al., 2015; Junge et al., 2017 |
| JIA/soJIA | IL-1 | IL-1R (anakinra) IL-1β (canakinumab) IL-1 decoy (rilonacept) | Pascual et al., 2005; Cimaz, 2016 |
| HLH | IL-1? IL-18? | IL-1R (anakinra)? IL-18? | Schulert and Grom, 2015 |
| Osteomyelitis | IL-1β NLRP3 Caspase-8 MLKL? | IL-1R (anakinra)? MLKL? | Lukens et al., 2014; Gurung et al., 2016a |
| Lung cancer | IL-1β | IL-1β (canakinumab) | Ridker et al., 2017b |
| Cardiovascular diseases | IL-1α?, IL-1β | IL-1β (canakinumab) | Ridker et al., 2017a |
| Gout | NLRP3 MSU crystals IL-1 GSDMD MLKL? | IL-1R (anakinra)? IL-1β (canakinumab)? IL-1 decoy (rilonacept)? | Dayer et al., 2017 |
| Kidney diseases | IL-18 IL-1β RIPK3 MLKL? GSDMD? | IL-18? MLKL (necrosulfonamide)? GSDMD? | Wu et al., 2008; Chen et al., 2018a; Sarhan et al., 2018b |
| Alzheimer’s disease | NLRP3 ASC | NLRP3 (MCC950)? ASC? GSDMD? | Venegas et al., 2017 |
| Ischemic brain injury | NLRP3 NLRC4? GSDMD RIPK1 RIPK3? MLKL? | RIPK1 (Necrostatin-1) RIPK3 (GSK-872) | Degterev et al., 2005; Chen et al., 2018b; Xu et al., 2018b; Poh et al., 2019; Zhang et al., 2019 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | TNF IL-1? GSDMD? MLKL? | TNF | Yamanaka, 2015; Dayer et al., 2017 |
| Septic shock | Caspase-11 GSDMD Caspase-8 | GSDMD? | Kayagaki et al., 2015; Kang et al., 2018; Mandal et al., 2018 |
| Inflammatory bowel diseases | MLKL? NLRP3 IL-1α | NLRP3 (MCC950)? IL-1α (MABp1)? MLKL (necrosulfonamide)? | Malik et al., 2016; Li et al., 2018 |
AOSD, adult-onset Still’s disease; HLH, hemophagocytic lympho-histiocytosis; JIA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis; soJIA, systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis.