Table 1.
List of significantly different Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways using PICRUSt analysis in fecal samples
PathwaysAbundance meanFDR-P
22-d-old mice (n = 10/group)    
 M_Vehicle M_ABX  
M_Vehicle and M_ABX    
 Bacterial toxins 13,235.5 6,249.4 0.000866 
 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis 49,150.4 13,221.2 0.000866 
 Oxidative phosphorylation 150,609.4 55,329.3 0.000809 
 Protein digestion and absorption 4,943 677.2 0.000866 
 F_Vehicle F_ABX  
F_Vehicle and F_ABX    
 Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells 1.7 280.4 0.016666 
 Bacterial secretion system 76,012.7 2,6207.1 0.000365 
 Bacterial toxins 14,961.8 6,209.4 0.000365 
 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis 58,487.2 8,127.1 0.000365 
 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis proteins 73,421.5 13,334.1 0.000365 
 Primary immunodeficiency 6,215.7 3813 0.001623 
 Protein digestion and absorption 4,994.6 354.6 0.000599 
 Protein folding and associated processing 80,495.2 2,8776.3 0.000365 
7-wk-old mice (n = 10/group)    
 M_Vehicle M_ABX  
M_Vehicle vs. M_ABX    
 Bacterial chemotaxis 46,114.3 7,472.1 0.001933 
 Bacterial secretion system 102,269.1 59,364.3 0.006067 
 Bacterial toxins 21,094 13,546.8 0.009024 
 Primary immunodeficiency 8,583 4,712.8 0.002232 
 Protein folding and associated processing 115,193 64,080.4 0.006067 
 Secretion system 168,262.9 84,057.7 0.006067 
 Ubiquitin system 509.6 1,545.5 0.005581 
 F_Vehicle F_ABX  
F_Vehicle vs. F_ABX    
 Bacterial chemotaxis 31,193 144,38.1 0.023303 
 Ubiquitin system 585.7 2,040.6 0.002061 
 M_ABX F_ABX  
M_ABX vs. F_ABX    
 Bacterial chemotaxis 7,472.1 14,438.1 0.007826 
 Bacterial secretion system 59,364.3 106,765.7 0.006385 
 Bacterial toxins 13,546.8 20,489.3 0.012471 
 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis 50,195.1 82,159 0.007149 
 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis proteins 65,304.7 103,956.6 0.007149 
 Primary immunodeficiency 4,712.8 6,936.5 0.006385 
 Protein folding and associated processing 64,080.4 110,534.4 0.006385 
 Secretion system 84,057.7 156,112.4 0.006385 
PathwaysAbundance meanFDR-P
22-d-old mice (n = 10/group)    
 M_Vehicle M_ABX  
M_Vehicle and M_ABX    
 Bacterial toxins 13,235.5 6,249.4 0.000866 
 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis 49,150.4 13,221.2 0.000866 
 Oxidative phosphorylation 150,609.4 55,329.3 0.000809 
 Protein digestion and absorption 4,943 677.2 0.000866 
 F_Vehicle F_ABX  
F_Vehicle and F_ABX    
 Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells 1.7 280.4 0.016666 
 Bacterial secretion system 76,012.7 2,6207.1 0.000365 
 Bacterial toxins 14,961.8 6,209.4 0.000365 
 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis 58,487.2 8,127.1 0.000365 
 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis proteins 73,421.5 13,334.1 0.000365 
 Primary immunodeficiency 6,215.7 3813 0.001623 
 Protein digestion and absorption 4,994.6 354.6 0.000599 
 Protein folding and associated processing 80,495.2 2,8776.3 0.000365 
7-wk-old mice (n = 10/group)    
 M_Vehicle M_ABX  
M_Vehicle vs. M_ABX    
 Bacterial chemotaxis 46,114.3 7,472.1 0.001933 
 Bacterial secretion system 102,269.1 59,364.3 0.006067 
 Bacterial toxins 21,094 13,546.8 0.009024 
 Primary immunodeficiency 8,583 4,712.8 0.002232 
 Protein folding and associated processing 115,193 64,080.4 0.006067 
 Secretion system 168,262.9 84,057.7 0.006067 
 Ubiquitin system 509.6 1,545.5 0.005581 
 F_Vehicle F_ABX  
F_Vehicle vs. F_ABX    
 Bacterial chemotaxis 31,193 144,38.1 0.023303 
 Ubiquitin system 585.7 2,040.6 0.002061 
 M_ABX F_ABX  
M_ABX vs. F_ABX    
 Bacterial chemotaxis 7,472.1 14,438.1 0.007826 
 Bacterial secretion system 59,364.3 106,765.7 0.006385 
 Bacterial toxins 13,546.8 20,489.3 0.012471 
 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis 50,195.1 82,159 0.007149 
 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis proteins 65,304.7 103,956.6 0.007149 
 Primary immunodeficiency 4,712.8 6,936.5 0.006385 
 Protein folding and associated processing 64,080.4 110,534.4 0.006385 
 Secretion system 84,057.7 156,112.4 0.006385 

Significantly different KEGG pathways were analyzed by using PICRUSt analysis at both P22 (22-d-old) and 7 wk of age. The false discovery rate P (FDR-P) < 0.05 was selected for significance. Fecal bacterial relevant KEGG pathways are reported to understand the predicted functional pathways. F_ABX, ABX-treated female mice; F_Vehicle, vehicle-treated female mice; M_ABX, ABX-treated male mice; M_Vehicle, vehicle-treated male mice. n = 10/group.

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