Unsuccessful attempts at generating anti-Neu5Gc antibodies in Neu5Gc-deficient mice
| Unsuccessful attempt | Data/comments |
| Feeding regular mouse chow | Normal mouse chow diet provides ∼1 mg/kg/day Neu5Gc (>5 times the amount found in Western diets; Tangvoranuntakul et al., 2003). |
| Adding free Neu5Gc to drinking water | Maximum exposure 1 mg/ml in drinking water for 12 wk. |
| Feeding cow’s milk | Cow’s milk contains ∼8 µg/g total Neu5Gc (Tangvoranuntakul et al., 2003). Gavaged 250 µl 5 d/wk for 4 wk. |
| Feeding goat cheese | Rich in Neu5Gc-containing glycolipids, 39.9 µg/g total Neu5Gc (Tangvoranuntakul et al., 2003) |
| Feeding mucin | Very rich in Neu5Gc. Mixed in with regular mouse chow. |
| Breastfeeding/fostering by WT females | WT mouse breast milk contains Neu5Gc. Simulates infant exposure to cow’s milk or cow’s milk-based formula. |
| In utero exposure of Cmah-null pups to Neu5Gc positive Cmah+/− mother | Cmah-null mice born loaded with Neu5Gc, which clears within weeks. Simulates infant/fetal exposure to Neu5Gc through the mother’s diet. |
| Unsuccessful attempt | Data/comments |
| Feeding regular mouse chow | Normal mouse chow diet provides ∼1 mg/kg/day Neu5Gc (>5 times the amount found in Western diets; Tangvoranuntakul et al., 2003). |
| Adding free Neu5Gc to drinking water | Maximum exposure 1 mg/ml in drinking water for 12 wk. |
| Feeding cow’s milk | Cow’s milk contains ∼8 µg/g total Neu5Gc (Tangvoranuntakul et al., 2003). Gavaged 250 µl 5 d/wk for 4 wk. |
| Feeding goat cheese | Rich in Neu5Gc-containing glycolipids, 39.9 µg/g total Neu5Gc (Tangvoranuntakul et al., 2003) |
| Feeding mucin | Very rich in Neu5Gc. Mixed in with regular mouse chow. |
| Breastfeeding/fostering by WT females | WT mouse breast milk contains Neu5Gc. Simulates infant exposure to cow’s milk or cow’s milk-based formula. |
| In utero exposure of Cmah-null pups to Neu5Gc positive Cmah+/− mother | Cmah-null mice born loaded with Neu5Gc, which clears within weeks. Simulates infant/fetal exposure to Neu5Gc through the mother’s diet. |