Table 1.

Performance of candidate marker peptides in all study cohorts.

Protein Peptide DASP Verification Cohort DASP Blind Validation Cohort T2D Specificity Cohort 
  FCa P-valuea AUC Specificity Sensitivity FCa P-valuea FCb P-valueb FCc P-valuec 
AZGP1 EIPAWVPFDPAAQITK −1.2 2.43E-03 0.65 1 0 −1.2 4.81E-01 1.3 4.75E-03 −1.4 1.71E-04 
BTD LSSGLVTAALYGR −1.1 5.59E-02 0.6 0.2 0.6 1.1 6.23E-01 −1.2 2.63E-03 1.5 9.78E-07 
BTD SHLIIAQVAK −1.1 7.19E-02 0.59 0.3 0.6 1.1 3.93E-01 −1.3 2.69E-04 1.6 1.44E-07 
C1R LFGEVTSPLFPK −1.6 4.58E-11 0.83 0.5 0.7 −1.1 2.80E-01 −1.5 3.36E-06 1.3 2.73E-03 
C1R VSVHPDYR −1.1 2.45E-01 0.56 1 0 1.0 7.39E-01 −1.3 5.72E-05 1.2 3.96E-03 
C2 GESGGAVFLER −1.2 3.09E-02 0.61 0.2 0.9 1.1 2.47E-01 −1.3 1.72E-03 1.7 2.53E-08 
C2 HAIILLTDGK −1.0 7.60E-01 0.52 0 0.3 1.4 1.50E-03 −1.4 1.01E-06 1.8 9.67E-11 
C2 SSGQWQTPGATR 1.3 1.00E-01 0.58 1 0 1.4 5.20E-03 −1.0 2.60E-01 1.4 1.09E-02 
C3 DFDFVPPVVR −1.7 3.06E-11 0.83 0.1 1 −1.2 5.79E-01 −2.0 5.22E-11 1.6 3.75E-09 
C3 TGLQEVEVK −1.7 1.81E-12 0.85 0.1 1 −1.2 4.81E-01 −1.8 4.34E-10 1.6 1.58E-08 
C4A ITQVLHFTK −1.6 3.63E-10 0.81 0.3 1 −1.1 9.71E-01 −2.0 9.03E-10 1.7 6.73E-08 
C6 ALNHLPLEYNSALYSR −1.4 2.43E-09 0.8 0.2 0.7 1.0 9.12E-01 −1.7 2.93E-09 1.5 1.49E-07 
CFP SISCQEIPGQQSR −1.6 2.44E-14 0.88 0.2 1 −1.3 1.47E-02 −1.7 1.58E-08 1.3 3.37E-04 
CLU ELDESLQVAER −1.2 7.85E-05 0.7 0.3 0.8 −1.1 4.81E-01 −1.3 1.61E-05 1.2 7.01E-03 
CLU LFDSDPITVTVPVEVSR −1.2 1.98E-02 0.62 1 0 −1.3 2.80E-01 NM NM NM NM 
CLU TLLSNLEEAK −1.3 8.17E-10 0.81 0.3 0.9 −1.1 4.36E-01 −1.3 1.11E-05 1.2 1.65E-03 
CNDP1 ALEQDLPVNIK 1.2 3.67E-01 0.54 1 0.1 1.3 7.39E-01 −1.6 6.01E-05 1.9 1.80E-06 
CNDP1 EWVAIESDSVQPVPR 1.2 2.86E-01 0.55 0.9 0.2 1.2 1.00E+00 −1.6 7.95E-04 1.7 9.28E-05 
F2 ELLESYIDGR −1.3 5.44E-06 0.73 0.7 0.2 1.1 4.81E-01 1.2 4.39E-02 −1.0 8.22E-01 
F2 ETAASLLQAGYK −1.6 2.88E-10 0.82 0 1 −1.2 8.92E-02 −1.4 5.72E-05 1.1 1.51E-01 
GPX3 QEPGENSEILPTLK −1.2 1.17E-04 0.69 1 0.2 −1.1 2.47E-01 1.0 9.17E-01 −1.1 5.75E-01 
GPX3 YVRPGGGFVPNFQLFEK −1.3 5.33E-08 0.77 0.2 0.8 −1.1 5.45E-01 −1.0 5.79E-01 −1.0 4.43E-01 
GSN AGALNSNDAFVLK −1.4 9.64E-11 0.82 0.6 1 −1.5 2.88E-03 −1.1 1.38E-01 −1.4 4.47E-05 
GSN QTQVSVLPEGGETPLFK −1.4 9.76E-09 0.79 1 0.6 −1.5 7.58E-05 1.1 2.28E-01 −1.7 2.86E-07 
GSN TGAQELLR −1.5 3.41E-09 0.8 0.3 1 −1.4 2.88E-02 −1.1 1.61E-01 −1.3 1.59E-03 
HGFAC EALVPLVADHK −1.2 5.35E-04 0.67 0.5 0 1.3 3.11E-02 1.0 6.90E-01 1.2 4.45E-02 
HGFAC VANYVDWINDR 1.3 3.85E-03 0.64 0.9 0 −1.1 6.84E-01 1.1 8.35E-01 1.0 7.91E-01 
KLKB1 DSVTGTLPK −1.3 7.29E-06 0.73 0 1 1.1 4.36E-01 −1.6 1.80E-06 1.7 6.66E-07 
KLKB1 EIIIHQNYK −1.2 9.84E-04 0.67 0.3 0.4 1.2 7.53E-02 −1.5 3.26E-06 1.6 5.57E-07 
KLKB1 IAYGTQGSSGYSLR −1.1 4.76E-03 0.64 0.7 0.3 −1.0 8.53E-01 −1.6 1.27E-06 1.5 1.53E-05 
KLKB1 IYSGILNLSDITK −1.1 4.89E-02 0.6 0.7 0.3 1.0 7.96E-01 −1.6 3.15E-05 1.7 3.97E-06 
KNG1 DIPTNSPELEETLTHTITK −1.2 2.68E-07 0.76 0.8 0.1 −1.0 5.29E-01 −1.5 3.75E-08 1.4 1.54E-07 
KNG1 TVGSDTFYSFK −1.3 2.98E-07 0.76 0.2 1 1.0 6.84E-01 −1.4 7.18E-08 1.4 2.23E-07 
LUM FNALQYLR −1.0 2.67E-01 0.56 0.2 0.1 1.6 2.09E-03 −1.0 4.56E-01 1.4 4.78E-04 
LUM ISNIPDEYFK −1.0 1.03E-01 0.58 0.4 0.2 1.5 6.84E-03 1.1 5.60E-02 1.3 5.02E-03 
LUM NNQIDHIDEK −1.0 6.65E-01 0.52 0.5 0.1 1.6 7.25E-04 1.1 7.83E-02 1.4 2.44E-03 
PGLYRP2 AGLLRPDYALLGHR −1.5 8.33E-14 0.87 0.7 0.8 −1.3 6.84E-03 −1.4 5.84E-06 1.1 2.12E-01 
PGLYRP2 PSLSHLLSQYYGAGVAR −1.5 1.77E-13 0.87 0.8 1 −1.6 4.87E-04 −1.4 1.11E-05 1.1 4.29E-01 
PGLYRP2 TFTLLDPK −1.5 1.31E-11 0.84 0.8 0.9 −1.4 6.84E-03 −1.5 5.84E-06 1.1 2.46E-01 
PPBP EESLDSDLYAELR 1.6 8.41E-08 0.77 0.3 1 1.6 4.93E-02 −1.7 1.71E-04 11.0 4.44E-12 
PPBP NIQSLEVIGK 8.5 6.62E-18 0.93 1 1 30.4 1.08E-05 −1.2 7.44E-02 32.6 4.44E-12 
SERPINA6 AQLLQGLGFNLTER −1.4 1.05E-06 0.75 1 0 −1.3 2.88E-02 −1.1 6.52E-01 1.1 5.95E-01 
SERPINA6 EENFYVDETTVVK −1.1 1.00E-01 0.58 0.9 0.3 −1.0 6.84E-01 −1.1 4.51E-02 1.4 1.07E-06 
SERPIND1 SVNDLYIQK −1.5 9.15E-11 0.83 0.3 0.8 −1.2 1.65E-01 −1.8 6.75E-10 1.5 4.56E-06 
SERPIND1 TLEAQLTPR −1.5 1.17E-11 0.84 0.4 0.9 −1.2 1.23E-01 −1.8 7.00E-10 1.5 3.97E-06 
SERPINF2 LGNQEPGGQTALK 1.0 6.96E-01 0.52 1 0 1.4 7.25E-04 -1.4 1.61E-05 1.7 5.55E-08 
SERPING1 FQPTLLTLPR 2.6 1.71E-05 0.72 0.7 1 7.4 1.08E-05 7.5 5.66E-12 −1.4 4.11E-03 
SERPING1 LLDSLPSDTR 2.1 1.39E-04 0.69 1 1 7.5 1.08E-05 7.2 9.20E-12 −1.4 4.11E-03 
SERPING1 LVLLNAIYLSAK 1.6 6.16E-03 0.64 0.7 1 3.3 2.06E-04 7.0 1.08E-11 −1.4 4.42E-03 
SERPING1 TNLESILSYPK 2.2 2.49E-05 0.71 0.8 1 7.1 1.08E-05 2.6 9.97E-12 1.0 8.04E-01 
TTR AADDTWEPFASGK −1.7 3.11E-04 0.68 1 0.8 −1.4 1.50E-03 −1.1 6.65E-01 −3.0 2.39E-11 
TTR GSPAINVAVHVFR −1.7 5.35E-04 0.67 1 0.8 −1.2 1.50E-03 −1.2 1.62E-01 −2.8 4.47E-11 

Statistical analysis of peptide abundances in the serum sample cohorts of the DASP verification set (100 healthy control (HC) and 50 T1D subjects), DASP blind set (10 HC and 10 T1D), and T2D set (50 T2D). Relative peptide abundances were used in the analysis and were represented by peak area ratios of the endogenous peptides to their heavy isotope–labeled synthetic analogues. For the DASP verification and blind validation cohorts, fold change was calculated as the ratio of mean of T1D to that of HC within the respective cohort. For the T2D specificity cohort, fold change was calculated both as the ratio of mean of T1D to that of T2D and as the ratio of mean of T2D to that of HC of the DASP blind set. Mann-Whitney U tests were carried out in DAnTE, while AUCs were calculated with the ROC toolbox in SigmaPlot. The peptide abundance cut-off values at AS90 were used to identify the blind samples. The assay specificity and sensitivity were calculated after unblinding the clinical status of the DASP blind set samples. FC, fold change; NM, not measured in these samples.

a

T1D in respect to HC.

b

T1D of blind set in respect to T2D.

c

T2D in respect to HC of blind set.

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