Table 1.

Molecular features of somatic reversion and EBV infection in XLP patients

XLP patient Age at analysis Clinical features Current status Original mutation Reversion Reversion mutation % SAP+ cells in PBMCs EBV status 
 yr      %  
36–47 •Clinical EBV: severe (19 yr) •Deceased (age 49 yr) c.161A>G; Y54C Yes c.161G>A; C54Y 4.42 
  •HLH: yes (49 yr)     
  •Lymphoma: B-cell lymphoma, large bowel (10 yr)       
  •Hypogamma: yes (19 yr)       
  •Other: meningitis (19 yr), lymphoproliferation of CD4+CD8+ T cells (40 yr)       
38–45 •Clinical EBV: mild (17 yr) •Stable c.259T>C; F87S Yes c.259C>T/A; S87Y; S87F 8.45 
  •HLH: nil •On IVIg    
  •Lymphoma: nil       
  •Hypogamma: yes (26 yr)       
42–52 •Clinical EBV: mild (20 yr) •Stable c.259T>C; F87S Yes c.259C>A; S87Y 2.29 
  •HLH: nil •On IVIg     
  •Lymphoma: nil       
  •Hypogamma: yes (21 yr)       
11–17 •Clinical EBV: nil •Stable c.251T>C; I84T Yes c.251C>T; T84I 1.67 
  •HLH: nil       
  •Lymphoma: B-cell lymphoma       
  •Hypogamma: nil       
16 •Clinical EBV: severe (10-12 yr); severe reactivation (21 yr) •BMT (age 21 yr) c.251T>C; I84T Yes c.251C>T; T84I 1.63 
  •HLH: nil •Stable      
  •Lymphoma: nil       
  •Hypogamma: yes (13 yr)       
10 31 •Clinical EBV: nil •Deceased (age 31 yr) c.163C>T; R55X Yes c.163T>A/C; X55R 1.82 
  •HLH: yes (26 yr)    
  •Lymphoma: nil       
  •Hypogamma: nil       
  •Other: vasculitis       
11 34 •Clinical EBV: fulminant •Stable Deletion No NA Nil 
  •HLH: nil •On IVIg      
  •Lymphoma: nil       
  •Hypogamma: nil       
  •Other: psoriasis, chronic active hepatitis, IBD       
23 38 •Clinical EBV: severe (12 yr) •Deceased (age 37 yr) ND Yes ND 1.94 
  •HLH: nil      
  •Lymphoma: unknown       
  •Hypogamma: yes (16 yr)       
24 •Clinical EBV: fulminant (3 yr) •Stable 3 yr after BMT c.3G>T; M1I No NA <LOD + (acute infection) 
  •HLH: yes (3 yr)     
  •Lymphoma: possible non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (3 yr)       
  •Hypogamma: unknown       
25 17 •Clinical EBV: nil •Stable 2 yr after BMT c.3G>T; M1I No NA <LOD − 
  •HLH: nil      
  •Lymphoma: small bowel lymphoma (12 yr)       
  •Hypogamma: yes       
26 11 •Clinical EBV: nil •Stable c.160T>C; Y54H Yes Below limit of sensitivity 0.01 
  •HLH: nil •On IVIg    
  •Lymphoma: nil       
  •Hypogamma: yes (7 yr)       
27 Cord blood •Clinical EBV: nil •Deceased c.163C>T; R55X No NA <LOD − 
  •HLH: nil      
  •Lymphoma: nil       
  •Hypogamma: nil       
XLP patient Age at analysis Clinical features Current status Original mutation Reversion Reversion mutation % SAP+ cells in PBMCs EBV status 
 yr      %  
36–47 •Clinical EBV: severe (19 yr) •Deceased (age 49 yr) c.161A>G; Y54C Yes c.161G>A; C54Y 4.42 
  •HLH: yes (49 yr)     
  •Lymphoma: B-cell lymphoma, large bowel (10 yr)       
  •Hypogamma: yes (19 yr)       
  •Other: meningitis (19 yr), lymphoproliferation of CD4+CD8+ T cells (40 yr)       
38–45 •Clinical EBV: mild (17 yr) •Stable c.259T>C; F87S Yes c.259C>T/A; S87Y; S87F 8.45 
  •HLH: nil •On IVIg    
  •Lymphoma: nil       
  •Hypogamma: yes (26 yr)       
42–52 •Clinical EBV: mild (20 yr) •Stable c.259T>C; F87S Yes c.259C>A; S87Y 2.29 
  •HLH: nil •On IVIg     
  •Lymphoma: nil       
  •Hypogamma: yes (21 yr)       
11–17 •Clinical EBV: nil •Stable c.251T>C; I84T Yes c.251C>T; T84I 1.67 
  •HLH: nil       
  •Lymphoma: B-cell lymphoma       
  •Hypogamma: nil       
16 •Clinical EBV: severe (10-12 yr); severe reactivation (21 yr) •BMT (age 21 yr) c.251T>C; I84T Yes c.251C>T; T84I 1.63 
  •HLH: nil •Stable      
  •Lymphoma: nil       
  •Hypogamma: yes (13 yr)       
10 31 •Clinical EBV: nil •Deceased (age 31 yr) c.163C>T; R55X Yes c.163T>A/C; X55R 1.82 
  •HLH: yes (26 yr)    
  •Lymphoma: nil       
  •Hypogamma: nil       
  •Other: vasculitis       
11 34 •Clinical EBV: fulminant •Stable Deletion No NA Nil 
  •HLH: nil •On IVIg      
  •Lymphoma: nil       
  •Hypogamma: nil       
  •Other: psoriasis, chronic active hepatitis, IBD       
23 38 •Clinical EBV: severe (12 yr) •Deceased (age 37 yr) ND Yes ND 1.94 
  •HLH: nil      
  •Lymphoma: unknown       
  •Hypogamma: yes (16 yr)       
24 •Clinical EBV: fulminant (3 yr) •Stable 3 yr after BMT c.3G>T; M1I No NA <LOD + (acute infection) 
  •HLH: yes (3 yr)     
  •Lymphoma: possible non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (3 yr)       
  •Hypogamma: unknown       
25 17 •Clinical EBV: nil •Stable 2 yr after BMT c.3G>T; M1I No NA <LOD − 
  •HLH: nil      
  •Lymphoma: small bowel lymphoma (12 yr)       
  •Hypogamma: yes       
26 11 •Clinical EBV: nil •Stable c.160T>C; Y54H Yes Below limit of sensitivity 0.01 
  •HLH: nil •On IVIg    
  •Lymphoma: nil       
  •Hypogamma: yes (7 yr)       
27 Cord blood •Clinical EBV: nil •Deceased c.163C>T; R55X No NA <LOD − 
  •HLH: nil      
  •Lymphoma: nil       
  •Hypogamma: nil       

BMT, BM transplant; HLH, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis; hypogamma, hypogammaglobulinemia; IVIg, intravenous Ig; LOD, limit of detection by flow cytometry; NA, not applicable. XLP2 and XLP3 are siblings; XLP5 and XLP8 are first cousins. The values in parentheses indicate age of presentation of each clinical feature. EBV load was determined by quantitative PCR.

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