Table 1.
Changes in stem cell properties with age
PopulationSelf-renewal (number of stem cells in aged tissue)Proliferative activityDifferentiation potentialRegeneration and repair capacity
HSCs Increased approximately two- to sixfold increased Increased Increased myeloid cell production Decreased engraftment potential, immune response 
HFSCs Maintained at equivalent levels Reduced Maintained at equivalent levels Deceased hair cycling and delayed wound healing 
ISCs Maintained at equivalent levels Reduced Increased secretary lineage cells Reduced generation after UV exposure, delayed response 
MuSCs Decreased approximately twofold Reduced Increased fibrosis after injury Decreased engraftment potential, myofiber regeneration 
NSCs Decreased approximately twofold Reduced Maintained in vitro Not known 
PopulationSelf-renewal (number of stem cells in aged tissue)Proliferative activityDifferentiation potentialRegeneration and repair capacity
HSCs Increased approximately two- to sixfold increased Increased Increased myeloid cell production Decreased engraftment potential, immune response 
HFSCs Maintained at equivalent levels Reduced Maintained at equivalent levels Deceased hair cycling and delayed wound healing 
ISCs Maintained at equivalent levels Reduced Increased secretary lineage cells Reduced generation after UV exposure, delayed response 
MuSCs Decreased approximately twofold Reduced Increased fibrosis after injury Decreased engraftment potential, myofiber regeneration 
NSCs Decreased approximately twofold Reduced Maintained in vitro Not known 

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