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Our study reveals functional heterogeneity and plasticity within naïve CD8 T cells, identifying functionally superior subsets that can emerge from less potent cells and drive robust immune responses through enhanced survival of effector progeny.

Conde et al. show that Qdenga vaccination induces serotype-skewed immunity shaped by both immune imprinting and the vaccine’s DENV-2 backbone, limiting balanced tetravalent responses, particularly in dengue-naïve individuals. These findings provide important insights into dengue vaccine performance and inform future vaccine design and deployment strategies.