CD4+ T lymphocyte depletion in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)–infected humans underlies the development of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Using a model in which rhesus macaques were infected with chimeric simian–human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs), we show that both the level of viremia and the structure of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein ectodomains individually contributed to the efficiency with which CD4+ T lymphocytes were depleted. The envelope glycoproteins of recombinant SHIVs that efficiently caused loss of CD4+ T lymphocytes exhibited increased chemokine receptor binding and membrane-fusing capacity compared with those of less pathogenic viruses. These studies identify the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein ectodomains as determinants of CD4+ T lymphocyte loss in vivo and provide a foundation for studying pathogenic mechanisms.
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21 September 1998
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September 21 1998
The Envelope Glycoprotein Ectodomains Determine the Efficiency of CD4+ T Lymphocyte Depletion in Simian– Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Macaques
Gunilla B. Karlsson,
Gunilla B. Karlsson
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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Matilda Halloran,
Matilda Halloran
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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Dominik Schenten,
Dominik Schenten
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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Juliette Lee,
Juliette Lee
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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Paul Racz,
Paul Racz
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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Klara Tenner-Racz,
Klara Tenner-Racz
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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Judith Manola,
Judith Manola
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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Rebecca Gelman,
Rebecca Gelman
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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Bijan Etemad-Moghadam,
Bijan Etemad-Moghadam
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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Elizabeth Desjardins,
Elizabeth Desjardins
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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Richard Wyatt,
Richard Wyatt
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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Norma P. Gerard,
Norma P. Gerard
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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Luisa Marcon,
Luisa Marcon
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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David Margolin,
David Margolin
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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John Fanton,
John Fanton
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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Michael K. Axthelm,
Michael K. Axthelm
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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Norman L. Letvin,
Norman L. Letvin
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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Joseph Sodroski
Joseph Sodroski
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
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Gunilla B. Karlsson
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
Matilda Halloran
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
Dominik Schenten
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
Juliette Lee
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
Paul Racz
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
Klara Tenner-Racz
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
Judith Manola
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
Rebecca Gelman
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
Bijan Etemad-Moghadam
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
Elizabeth Desjardins
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
Richard Wyatt
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
Norma P. Gerard
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
Luisa Marcon
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
David Margolin
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
John Fanton
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
Michael K. Axthelm
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
Norman L. Letvin
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
Joseph Sodroski
From the *Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‡Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the §Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ‖Department of Pathology and Korber Laboratory, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany; the ¶Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the **Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; the ††Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School, Padua 35121, Italy; and the §§Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006-3499
Address correspondence to Joseph Sodroski, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney St., JFB 824, Boston, MA 02115. Phone: 617-632-3371; Fax: 617-632-4338; E-mail: [email protected]
Received:
April 27 1998
Revision Received:
July 02 1998
Online ISSN: 1540-9538
Print ISSN: 0022-1007
1998
J Exp Med (1998) 188 (6): 1159–1171.
Article history
Received:
April 27 1998
Revision Received:
July 02 1998
Citation
Gunilla B. Karlsson, Matilda Halloran, Dominik Schenten, Juliette Lee, Paul Racz, Klara Tenner-Racz, Judith Manola, Rebecca Gelman, Bijan Etemad-Moghadam, Elizabeth Desjardins, Richard Wyatt, Norma P. Gerard, Luisa Marcon, David Margolin, John Fanton, Michael K. Axthelm, Norman L. Letvin, Joseph Sodroski; The Envelope Glycoprotein Ectodomains Determine the Efficiency of CD4+ T Lymphocyte Depletion in Simian– Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Macaques . J Exp Med 21 September 1998; 188 (6): 1159–1171. doi: https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.188.6.1159
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