Several studies have shown that CC chemokines attract T lymphocytes, and that CD45RO+, memory phenotype cells are considered to be the main responders. The results, however, have often been contradictory and the role of lymphocyte activation and proliferation has remained unclear. Using CD45RO+ blood lymphocytes cultured under different stimulatory conditions, we have now studied chemotaxis as well as chemokine receptor expression. Expression of the RANTES/MIP-1 alpha receptor (CC-CKR1) and the MCP-1 receptor (CC-CKR2) was highly correlated with migration toward RANTES, MCP-1, and other CC chemokines, and was strictly dependent on the presence of IL-2 in the culture medium. Migration and receptor expression were rapidly downregulated when IL-2 was withdrawn, but were fully restored when IL-2 was added again. The effect of IL-2 could be partially mimicked by IL-4, IL-10, or IL-12, but not by IL-13, IFN gamma, IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, or by exposure to anti-CD3, anti-CD28 or phytohemagglutinin. Activation of fully responsive lymphocytes through the TCR/CD3 complex and CD28 antigen actually had the opposite effect. It rapidly downregulated receptor expression and consequent migration even in the presence of IL-2. In contrast to the effects on CC chemokine receptors, stimulation of CD45RO+ T lymphocytes with IL-2 neither induced the expression of the CXC chemokine receptors, IL8-R1 and IL8-R2, nor chemotaxis to IL-8. The prominent role of IL-2 in CC chemokine responsiveness of lymphocytes suggests that IL-2-mediated expansion is a prerequisite for the recruitment of antigen-activated T cells into sites of immune and inflammatory reactions.
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1 August 1996
Article|
August 01 1996
Interleukin-2 regulates CC chemokine receptor expression and chemotactic responsiveness in T lymphocytes.
P Loetscher,
P Loetscher
Theodor-Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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M Seitz,
M Seitz
Theodor-Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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M Baggiolini,
M Baggiolini
Theodor-Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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B Moser
B Moser
Theodor-Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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P Loetscher
Theodor-Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Switzerland.
M Seitz
Theodor-Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Switzerland.
M Baggiolini
Theodor-Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Switzerland.
B Moser
Theodor-Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Switzerland.
Online ISSN: 1540-9538
Print ISSN: 0022-1007
J Exp Med (1996) 184 (2): 569–577.
Citation
P Loetscher, M Seitz, M Baggiolini, B Moser; Interleukin-2 regulates CC chemokine receptor expression and chemotactic responsiveness in T lymphocytes.. J Exp Med 1 August 1996; 184 (2): 569–577. doi: https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.184.2.569
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