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Cover Image
Cover Image
On the cover
Jones et al. reveal the structure of the axon initial segment in cultured hippocampal neurons. Platinum replica electron microscopy shows the organization of spectrin βIV (purple, detected by immunogold labeling in yellow), microtubules (cyan), ankyrin G (red), clathrin-coated vesicles (orange), and other cytoskeletal components (gray).
Image © 2014 Jones et al.
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In This Issue
In Focus
First remodel, then recycle
Study reveals how the AAA-ATPase Vps4 helps the ESCRT-III complex form multivesicular bodies.
People & Ideas
Matthew Freeman: The sharp end of rhomboids
Freeman studies the functions and roles of rhomboid superfamily proteins.
Review
Report
Ca2+–Calmodulin regulates SNARE assembly and spontaneous neurotransmitter release via v-ATPase subunit V0a1
Ca2+–Calmodulin binding to neuronal v-ATPase V0 subunit a1 (V100) regulates SNARE complex assembly for a putative subset of synaptic vesicles that sustain spontaneous release in Drosophila.
Article
Coordinated binding of Vps4 to ESCRT-III drives membrane neck constriction during MVB vesicle formation
Vps4 both recycles ESCRT-III subunits and cooperates with ESCRT-III to drive distinct membrane remodeling steps that lead to efficient membrane scission during the biogenesis of multivesicular bodies.
Substrate-gated docking of pore subunit Tha4 in the TatC cavity initiates Tat translocase assembly
Signal peptide binding modulates assembly of chloroplast Tha4 onto the twin-arginine translocase cpTatC subunit to assemble a functional protein-conducting pore.
Axon initial segment cytoskeleton comprises a multiprotein submembranous coat containing sparse actin filaments
The axon initial segment of differentiated neurons contains a dense submembranous cytoskeleton that overlays microtubule bundles and includes two sparse actin populations: short, stable actin filaments and longer, dynamic non-oriented filaments.
A contractile and counterbalancing adhesion system controls the 3D shape of crawling cells
A contractile actomyosin meshwork at the top of a cell is mechanically coupled to dorsal actin fibers that are anchored via focal adhesions to the cell surface, generating a counterbalanced adhesion/contraction system that drives cell shape changes.
Wnt7a stimulates myogenic stem cell motility and engraftment resulting in improved muscle strength
In addition to stimulating skeletal muscle growth and repair, Wnt7a/Fzd7 signaling increases the polarity and directional migration of myogenic progenitors and improves the efficacy of muscle stem cell therapy.
Tools
A novel probe for phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate reveals multiple pools beyond the Golgi
Characterization of a new biosensor for PtdIns4P reveals a wider cellular distribution for the polyphosphoinositide than the Golgi localization reported previously, including pools in both the plasma membrane and late endosomes/lysosomes.
